Unit 15: The Anatomy and Physiology of Animals
- Page ID
- 3774
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 15.4: Immune System
- 15.4.1: 15.4T Allergies
- 15.4A: Clonal Selection and Immunological Memory
- 15.4B: Antibody-Antigen Binding
- 15.4C: B Cells and T Cells
- 15.4D: Antigen Receptors
- 15.4E: Histocompatibility Molecules
- 15.4F: Antigen Receptor Diversity
- 15.4G: Anatomy of the Immune System
- 15.4H: T Helper cells
- 15.4I: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)
- 15.4J: Cell-Mediated Immunity
- 15.4K: Organ Transplants
- 15.4L: Bone Marrow Transplants
- 15.4M: Antigen Presentation
- 15.4N: The Immunological Synapse
- 15.4O: Dendritic Cells
- 15.4P: Passive Immunity
- 15.4Q: Innate Immunity
- 15.4R: The Complement System
- 15.4S: Inflammation
- 15.4U: Asthma
- 15.4V: AIDS
- 15.4W: Vaccines
- 15.6: Hormones
- 15.6.1: Human Hormones
- 15.6.1.1: Thyroid and Parathyroids
- 15.6.1.2: Hormones of the Gut
- 15.6.1.3: Hormones of the Pancreas
- 15.6.1.4: Hormones of the Pituitary
- 15.6.1.5: Hormones of the Hypothalamus
- 15.6.1.6: Adrenal Glands
- 15.6.1.7: Sex Hormones
- 15.6.1.8: Progesterone
- 15.6.1.9: Melatonin and the Pineal Gland
- 15.6.1.10: Hormones of Kidney, Skin and Heart
- 15.6.1.11: Leptin - the Fat Hormone
- 15.6.1.12: Hormones of the Liver
- 15.6.1.13: Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
- 15.6.2: Insect Hormones
- 15.7: Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual reproduction is the formation of a new individual following the union of two gametes. In humans and the majority of other eukaryotes plants as well as animals the two gametes differ in structure and are contributed by different parents. Gametes need motility to be able to meet and unite and food to nourish the developing embryo. In animals (and some plants), these two rather contrasting needs are met by anisogametes: sperm that are motile (and small) and eggs that contain food.