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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1107%3A_Principles_of_Biology_I_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)/01%3A_Labs/1.13%3A_EvolutionWhile in the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed that the beaks of various finches were different lengths, shapes, and sizes. The differences he observed led him to several of his most important ideas a...While in the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed that the beaks of various finches were different lengths, shapes, and sizes. The differences he observed led him to several of his most important ideas about the mechanisms and processes that are responsible for descent with modification, including natural selection.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1108%3A_Principles_of_Biology_II_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)/Lab_05%3A_Sensory_SystemsIn this lab, we will explore the anatomy & physiology used for interpreting the environment both within and outside our bodies. The essential component is neurons, the major functional cells in nervou...In this lab, we will explore the anatomy & physiology used for interpreting the environment both within and outside our bodies. The essential component is neurons, the major functional cells in nervous tissue. In many sensory organs, additional cells and tissues will contribute to the process of signal transduction. The major sensory organs can be grouped based on various characteristics, i.e. what type of matter or energy they detect and subsequently ‘transduce’ to produce our perceptions.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1108%3A_Principles_of_Biology_II_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1107%3A_Principles_of_Biology_I_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)/01%3A_Labs/1.07%3A_EnzymesEnzymes are biological catalysts and are usually proteins. They greatly increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy, which is the energy required to start a reaction. The...Enzymes are biological catalysts and are usually proteins. They greatly increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy, which is the energy required to start a reaction. The metabolism of a cell depends on enzymes functioning correctly. Enzymes are sensitive to environmental conditions. If the conditions deviate too much, enzymes may stop functioning. In this lab, you will examine the effects of environmental changes on enzymatic activity using the enzyme catalase.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1107%3A_Principles_of_Biology_I_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)/01%3A_Labs/1.11%3A_Nucleic_AcidsIn 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The structure is a double helix, which is like a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made of a...In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The structure is a double helix, which is like a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate molecules. The rungs of the ladder are pairs of 4 types of nitrogen bases. Two of the bases are purines - adenine and guanine. The pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine. The bases are known by their coded letters A, G, T, C.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Northeast_Wisconsin_Technical_College/General_Biology_Laboratory_Manual/Laboratory_06%3A_Mitosis_and_Cytokinesis/6.04%3A_Simulating_Mitosis_Using_BeadsSimulate the steps of interphase (specifically S phase) and then M phase using the beads. Hint: The chromosomes in Figure \PageIndex1 have not been through the S phase yet, so you will eventuall...Simulate the steps of interphase (specifically S phase) and then M phase using the beads. Hint: The chromosomes in Figure \PageIndex1 have not been through the S phase yet, so you will eventually need more beads than are shown in Figure \PageIndex1. What do you think might happen to tissues such as the intestinal lining if a disorder blocks mitotic cell division in all cells of the body?
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Northeast_Wisconsin_Technical_College/General_Biology_Laboratory_Manual/Laboratory_06%3A_Mitosis_and_Cytokinesis/6.03%3A_Mitosis_of_Whitefish_BlastulaExercise 2: Mitosis of Whitefish Blastula Prepared slide of whitefish blastula Obtain a slide of a whitefish blastula for observation of the stages of mitosis in an animal cell. Since early embryogene...Exercise 2: Mitosis of Whitefish Blastula Prepared slide of whitefish blastula Obtain a slide of a whitefish blastula for observation of the stages of mitosis in an animal cell. Since early embryogenesis involves rapid cellular division, the whitefish blastula has long served as a model of mitotic division in animals. It also has the advantage of demonstrating clear spindle formation in the cytoplasm. Examine the slide under a microscope. Draw and label all stages of mitosis below.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Northeast_Wisconsin_Technical_College/General_Biology_Laboratory_Manual/Laboratory_10%3A_Evolution_and_Natural_Selection/10.02%3A_Best_BeaksIn this exercise, you will simulate the functional consequences of variation in beak shape (short, stout beaks compared to long, thin beaks) of the Western Bluebird and how these might be reflected in...In this exercise, you will simulate the functional consequences of variation in beak shape (short, stout beaks compared to long, thin beaks) of the Western Bluebird and how these might be reflected in subsequent generations. Assuming that the grapes represent the most common food source available to the Western Bluebird to be eaten in a normal year, which beak is better suited for eating/retrieving the grapes?
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1107%3A_Principles_of_Biology_I_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)/01%3A_Labs/1.08%3A_Cell_Respiration_and_PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis fuels ecosystems and replenishes the Earth's atmosphere with oxygen. Like all enzyme-driven reactions, the rate of photosynthesis can be measured by either the disappearance of the subs...Photosynthesis fuels ecosystems and replenishes the Earth's atmosphere with oxygen. Like all enzyme-driven reactions, the rate of photosynthesis can be measured by either the disappearance of the substrate or the accumulation of the products. In this investigation, you will use a system that measures the accumulation of oxygen in the leaf and explore a case study of cellular respiration failure.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/General_Biology_Labs/BIOL_1107%3A_Principles_of_Biology_I_Lab_Manual_(Burran_and_DesRochers)/01%3A_Labs/1.02%3A_TaxonomyBecause the diversity of life on Earth is so vast, biologists use a general system of classification and naming organisms (taxonomy) to track and organize species based on evolutionary relatedness. Th...Because the diversity of life on Earth is so vast, biologists use a general system of classification and naming organisms (taxonomy) to track and organize species based on evolutionary relatedness. The broadest taxon is the domain; organisms belong to one of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya). Within the domains are increasingly specific taxa, ranging from kingdom and phylum all the way to genus and species. In this lab, you will be learning the basics of taxonomy and its usage.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Northeast_Wisconsin_Technical_College/General_Biology_Laboratory_Manual/Laboratory_06%3A_Mitosis_and_Cytokinesis/6.01%3A_Laboratory_6_IntroductionThe M phase, which consists of mitosis and cytokinesis, is the portion of the cell cycle where the cell divides, reproducing itself. The spindle fibers, which are formed by the cell as mitosis progres...The M phase, which consists of mitosis and cytokinesis, is the portion of the cell cycle where the cell divides, reproducing itself. The spindle fibers, which are formed by the cell as mitosis progresses, are used to attach to chromosomes, align them down the middle of the cell, and pull chromosomes apart into their identical individual chromatids which will end up in separate cells.
