16.9: Performance Objectives for Lab 16

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PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES FOR LAB 16

After completing this lab, the student will be able to perform the following objectives:

A. INTRODUCTION TO SEROLOGICAL TESTING

1. Define serology.

2. Define antigen and state what may act as an antigen.

3. Define antibody and state where they are primarily found in the body.

4. Define direct serologic testing and indirect serologic testing.

B. DIRECT SEROLOGIC TESTING: USING ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN THE LAB TO IDENTIFY UNKNOWN ANTIGENS SUCH AS MICROORGANISMS

Discussion

1. Define antiserum.

2. Describe two ways of producing known antiserum.

3. Describe the concept and general procedure for using serologic testing to identify unknown antigens (direct serologic testing).

4. Describe how to determine serologically whether an organism is a subgroup A, B, C, or D Shigella.

5. Describe how to serologically identify Lancefield group A Streptococcus causing pharyngitis using the Rapid Response Strep A Test.

6. Describe how to diagnose pregnancy serologically using the QuickVue+® One-Step hCG-Combo Test.

7. Briefly describe the direct fluorescent antibody technique.

Results

1. Correctly interpret the results of the following serological tests:

a. serological typing of Shigella

b. serological identification of Group A streptococcal antigen using the Rapid Response Strep A Test.

c. serological testing for pregnancy using the QuickVue+® One-Step hCG-Combo Test

d. a direct fluorescent antibody test

C. INDIRECT SEROLOGIC TESTING: USING ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN THE LAB TO DETECT ANTIBODIES IN THE PATIENT's SERUM

Discussion

1. State the principle and the general procedure behind indirect serologic testing.

2. State the difference between a qualitative serological test and a quantitative serological test.

3. Define titer.

4. State what disease the RPR and the FTA-ABS procedures test for. Indicate which of these is a presumptive test, which is a confirming test, and why.

5. State the significance of non-treponemal anti-lipid (reagin) antibodies in serological testing.

6. State the significance of heterophile antibodies in serological testing.

7. State the significance of anti-deoxyribonucleoprotein antibodies in serological testing.

8. Briefly describe the indirect fluorescent antibody technique.

9. Briefly describe the EIA test for HIV antibodies and state the significance of a positive HIV antibody test.

10. In terms of serologic testing, define sensitivity and specificity.

11. State how the prevalence of a disease in a region effects the number of false-positive or false-negatives in the population of that region, even with tests of high sensitivity and specificity.

Results

1. Interpret the results of the following serological tests:

a. serologic test for infectious mononucleosis
b. serologic test for SLE
c. FTA-ABS test

Contributors and Attributions

Dr. Gary Kaiser (COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF BALTIMORE COUNTY, CATONSVILLE CAMPUS)