14.12: Performance Objectives for Case Study #2

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After completing this lab, the student will be able to perform the following objectives:

A. THE GENUS STREPTOCOCCUS

1. State the Gram reaction and morphology of the streptococci.

2. State two ways the streptococci are classified.

3. Describe alpha hemolysis, beta hemolysis, and gamma reaction on Blood agar plates.

4. State what is meant by the Lancefield system.

5. State the Lancefield group of streptococcus that is the most common cause of acute streptococcal infections in humans and name five other Lancefield groups that frequently cause human infections.

1. THE BETA STREPTOCOCCI

DISCUSSION

1. State what the term "group A beta" means when referring to streptococci.

2. State the genus and species of the group A beta streptococci.

3. State the most common infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and name six other infections it may cause.

4. Name two autoimmune diseases associated with the group A beta streptococci.

5. State the genus and species of the group B streptococci.

6. State the normal habitat of the group B streptococci, name three infections they may cause in newborns, and describe how the infants become colonized.

7. Name three infections the group B streptococci may cause in adults.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF GROUP A BETA STREPTOCOCCI

1. Describe the appearance of group A beta streptococci on Blood agar.

2. State why Blood agar is usually stabbed during streaking when isolating beta streptococci.

3. Describe the reaction of group A beta streptococci to a Taxo A® disc containing bacitracin.

RESULTS FOR GROUP A BETA STREPTOCOCCI

1. Identify an organism as a group A beta streptococcus (or Streptococcus pyogenes) and state the reasons why when it is seen growing on a Blood agar plate with a Taxo A® disc containing bacitracin.

2. Recognize beta hemolysis on Blood agar.

2. THE PNEUMOCOCCUS

DISCUSSION

1. State the genus and species of the pneumococcus.

2. State the Gram reaction and morphology of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

3. State the natural habitat of Streptococcus pneumoniae and name four infections it may cause in humans.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PNEUMOCOCCI

1. Describe the appearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae on Blood agar with a Taxo P® disc containing the drug optochin.

RESULTS OF PNEUMOCOCCI

1. Identify an organism as Streptococcus pneumoniae and state the reasons why when it is seen growing on a Blood agar plate with a Taxo P® disc containing optochin.

2. Recognize alpha hemolysis on Blood agar.

3. THE VIRIDANS STREPTOCOCCI

1. State the normal habitat of the viridans streptococci and name three infections they may cause in humans.

2. State the hemolytic reactions of the viridans streptococci on Blood agar.

B. THE GENUS ENTEROCOCCUS

DISCUSSION

1. Name the most common enterococcus that infects humans and state its normal habitat.

2. State the Lancefield group of the enterococci.

3. Name four infections commonly caused by Enterococcus faecalis.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ENTEROCOCCI

1. Describe the reactions of enterococci in SF broth and on Bile Esculin agar.

2. State the Gram reaction and morphology of the enterococci.

RESULTS FOR THE ENTEROCOCCI

1. Identify an organism as an Enterococcus and state the reasons why when it is seen growing in SF broth and on Bile Esculin agar.

Contributors and Attributions

Dr. Gary Kaiser (COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF BALTIMORE COUNTY, CATONSVILLE CAMPUS)