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Biology LibreTexts

4: Vertebrate development

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  • 4.1: Frog Embryology
    The frog egg is a huge cell; its volume is over 1.6 million times larger than a normal frog cell. During embryonic development, the egg will be converted into a tadpole containing millions of cells but containing the same amount of organic matter.
  • 4.2: The Organizer
    In the embryonic development of a zygote, gradients of mRNAs and proteins, deposited in the egg by the mother as she formed it, give rise to cells of diverse fates despite their identical genomes. But is the embryo fully patterned in the fertilized egg? It is difficult to imagine that the relatively simple gradients in the egg could account for all the complex migration and differentiation of cells during embryonic development. And, in fact, the answer is no.
  • 4.3: Ectoderm
  • 4.4: Neural Crest
  • 4.5: Mesoderm
  • 4.6: Limb development
  • 4.7: Endoderm


4: Vertebrate development is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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