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Quiz 1

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    1. Which of the following below is NOT a microbe? (0, 1 or more than 1 may be correct)

    virus bacterium yeast protozoa green plant mosquito

    1. Most microbes are smaller than about________:

    2 inches 2 meters 2 mm 200 micrometers 200 nanometers

    3.Classify (as prion, virus, bacterium, algae, protozoa, fungi), the following pathogens mentioned in lecture 1.

    Yersinia pestis/causes bubonic Plague=_______________

    Pathogen Pseudogymnoascus causing “White-nose Syndrome” in bats=______________

    Legionella pneumophila/causes Legionnaire’s Disease=___________

    Ebola pathogen=_______________________

    1. Which of the pathogens named above is/are (if any):
    1. Acellular=____________
    2. Cellular=_______________
    3. Example of a “prokaryote”?=___________________
    4. Example of a “eukaryote”?=____________________

    1. Based on the “Tree of Life” and Carl Woese’s 3 Domain system of classification, which of the pathogens listed above is most closely related to humans?______________________
    2. When did the first cells evolve (“LUCA”)?_____________________________
    3. What was Earth’s atmosphere like when the first cells evolved?__________________

    Choices: rich in O2 anaerobic/anoxic there was NO air when cells evolved

    1. Did evolution of microbes cause a change in Earth’s atmosphere? If yes, describe___________

    ..______________________________________________________________________________

    8.Which process caused the change of Earth’s atmosphere as described above?_______.

    __choices: fermentation anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration oxygenic photosynthesis

    9.When did eukaryotes evolve? ___________Which organelle(s) does a eukaryotic animal cell have which a prokaryotic bacterial cell lacks? _________________________

    10. Are viruses eukaryotes or prokaryotes?_____________________

    Key

    1. Which of the following below is NOT a microbe? (0, 1 or more than 1 may be correct)

    -the correct choice would be the agents/organisms you can see without a magnifying device as below:

    virus bacterium yeast protozoa * green plant *mosquito

    1. Most microbes are smaller than about________:(the correct choice would be smaller than the resolving power of the human eye without a magnifying device; see also in the Tortora 12th textbook foundation figure 3.2 p 55 in Chapter 3)

    2 inches 2 meters 2 mm * 200 µm (note: 200 nanometers or 0. 2 µm is the maximum resolving power of our light microscope- see Tortora 12th p54)

    3.Classify (as prion, virus, bacterium, algae, protozoa, fungi), the following pathogens mentioned in lecture 1.

    Yersinia pestis/causes bubonic Plague=_____bacterium__________

    Pathogen Pseudogymnoascus causing “White-nose Syndrome” in bats=___fungus___________

    Legionella pneumophila/causes Legionnaire’s Disease=____bacterium_______

    Ebola pathogen=_____virus__________________

    1. Which of the pathogens named above is/are (if any):
    1. Acellular=____Ebola virus________
    2. Cellular=__all except Ebola virus_____________
    3. Example of a “prokaryote”?=__the 2 bacteria named above_________________
    4. Example of a “eukaryote”?=___the fungus named above_________________

    1. Based on the “Tree of Life” and Carl Woese’s 3 Domain system of classification, which of the pathogens listed above is most closely related to humans?_the eukaryote, the fungal pathogen_____________________
    2. When did the first cells evolve (“LUCA”)?__

    ~3.6-3.8 bya (bya =billion years ago; billion= 109 = 1,000,000,000)

    1. What was Earth’s atmosphere like when the first cells evolved?_

    Choices: rich in O2 anaerobic/anoxic there was NO air when cells evolved

    1. Did evolution of microbes cause a change in Earth’s atmosphere? If yes, describe

    Yes, when the first cyanobacteria evolved oxygenic photosynthesis using chlorophyll a, they released molecular oxygen, O2. As a consequence moleclular oxygen slowly accumulated causing Earth’s atmosphere to become aerobic (today ~21% O2. )

    8.Which process caused the change of Earth’s atmosphere as described above? Oxygenic photosynthesis_______.

    __choices: fermentation anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration *oxygenic photosynthesis

    9.When did eukaryotes evolve? __up for debate, we will use ~ 2 bya_________Which organelle(s) does a eukaryotic animal cell have which a prokaryotic bacterial cell lacks? Membrane-bound nucleus (and other membrane bound organelles such as mitochondria) _________________________

    10. Are viruses eukaryotes or prokaryotes?__neither!! (as viruses are acellular)___________________

    Quiz 1 is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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