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7.1.5: Key Terms

  • Page ID
    97210
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    acclimatization
    alteration in a body system in response to environmental change
    alteration
    change of the set point in a homeostatic system
    apodeme
    ingrowth of an animal’s exoskeleton that functions as an attachment site for muscles
    asymmetrical
    describes animals with no axis of symmetry in their body pattern
    basal metabolic rate (BMR)
    metabolic rate at rest in endothermic animals
    canaliculus
    microchannel that connects the lacunae and aids diffusion between cells
    cartilage
    type of connective tissue with a large amount of ground substance matrix, cells called chondrocytes, and some amount of fibers
    chondrocyte
    cell found in cartilage
    columnar epithelia
    epithelia made of cells taller than they are wide, specialized in absorption
    connective tissue
    type of tissue made of cells, ground substance matrix, and fibers
    cuboidal epithelia
    epithelia made of cube-shaped cells, specialized in glandular functions
    dorsal cavity
    body cavity on the posterior or back portion of an animal; includes the cranial and vertebral cavities
    ectotherm
    animal incapable of maintaining a relatively constant internal body temperature
    endotherm
    animal capable of maintaining a relatively constant internal body temperature
    epithelial tissue
    tissue that either lines or covers organs or other tissues
    estivation
    torpor in response to extremely high temperatures and low water availability
    fibrous connective tissue
    type of connective tissue with a high concentration of fibers
    frontal (coronal) plane
    plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into front and back portions
    fusiform
    animal body shape that is tubular and tapered at both ends
    hibernation
    torpor over a long period of time, such as a winter
    homeostasis
    dynamic equilibrium maintaining appropriate body functions
    lacuna
    space in cartilage and bone that contains living cells
    loose (areolar) connective tissue
    type of connective tissue with small amounts of cells, matrix, and fibers; found around blood vessels
    matrix
    component of connective tissue made of both living and nonliving (ground substances) cells
    midsagittal plane
    plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into even right and left sides
    negative feedback loop
    feedback to a control mechanism that increases or decreases a stimulus instead of maintaining it
    osteon
    subunit of compact bone
    positive feedback loop
    feedback to a control mechanism that continues the direction of a stimulus
    pseudostratified
    layer of epithelia that appears multilayered, but is a simple covering
    sagittal plane
    plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into right and left sides
    set point
    midpoint or target point in homeostasis
    simple epithelia
    single layer of epithelial cells
    squamous epithelia
    type of epithelia made of flat cells, specialized in aiding diffusion or preventing abrasion
    standard metabolic rate (SMR)
    metabolic rate at rest in ectothermic animals
    stratified epithelia
    multiple layers of epithelial cells
    thermoregulation
    regulation of body temperature
    torpor
    decrease in activity and metabolism that allows an animal to survive adverse conditions
    trabecula
    tiny plate that makes up spongy bone and gives it strength
    transitional epithelia
    epithelia that can transition for appearing multilayered to simple; also called uroepithelial
    transverse (horizontal) plane
    plane cutting through an animal separating the individual into upper and lower portions
    ventral cavity
    body cavity on the anterior or front portion of an animal that includes the thoracic cavities and the abdominopelvic cavities

    7.1.5: Key Terms is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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