5.8.12: Review Questions
- Page ID
- 98198
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Mesohyl contains:
- a polysaccharide gel and dead cells.
- a collagen-like gel and suspended cells for various functions.
- spicules composed of silica or calcium carbonate.
- multiple pores.
The large central opening in the parazoan body is called the:
- gemmule.
- spicule.
- ostia.
- osculum.
Most sponge body plans are slight variations on a simple tube-within-a-tube design. Which of the following is a key limitation of sponge body plans?
- Sponges lack the specialized cell types needed to produce more complex body plans.
- The reliance on osmosis/diffusion requires a design that maximizes the surface area to volume ratio of the sponge.
- Choanocytes must be protected from the hostile exterior environment.
- Spongin cannot support heavy bodies.
Cnidocytes are found in _____.
- phylum Porifera
- phylum Nemertea
- phylum Nematoda
- phylum Cnidaria
Cubozoans are ________.
- polyps
- medusoids
- polymorphs
- sponges
While collecting specimens, a marine biologist finds a sessile Cnidarian. The medusas that bud from it swim by contracting a ring of muscle in their bells. To which class does this specimen belong?
- Class Hydrozoa
- Class Cubozoa
- Class Scyphozoa
- Class Anthozoa
Which group of flatworms are primarily ectoparasites of fish?
- monogeneans
- trematodes
- cestodes
- turbellarians
The rhynchocoel is a ________.
- circulatory system
- fluid-filled cavity
- primitive excretory system
- proboscis
Annelids have (a):
- pseudocoelom.
- true coelom.
- no coelom.
- none of the above
A mantle and mantle cavity are present in:
- phylum Echinodermata.
- phylum Adversoidea.
- phylum Mollusca.
- phylum Nemertea.
How does segmentation enhance annelid locomotion?
- Segmentation creates repeating body structures so the entire organism functions in synchrony.
- Segmentation allows specialization of different body regions.
- Neural segmentation allows annelids to localize sensations.
- Muscle contractions can be localized to specific regions of the body to coordinate movement.
The embryonic development in nematodes can have up to __________ larval stages.
- one
- two
- three
- four
The nematode cuticle contains _____.
- glucose
- skin cells
- chitin
- nerve cells
Crustaceans are _____.
- ecdysozoans
- nematodes
- arachnids
- parazoans
Flies are_______.
- chelicerates
- hexapods
- arachnids
- crustaceans
Which of the following is not a key advantage provided by the exoskeleton of terrestrial arthropods?
- Prevents dessication
- Protects internal tissue
- Provides mechanical support
- Grows with the arthropod throughout its life
Echinoderms have _____.
- triangular symmetry
- radial symmetry
- hexagonal symmetry
- pentaradial symmetry
The circulatory fluid in echinoderms is _____.
- blood
- mesohyl
- water
- saline
Which of the following features does not distinguish humans as a member of phylum Chordata?
- Human embryos undergo indeterminate cleavage.
- A spinal cord runs along an adult human’s dorsal side.
- Human embryos exhibit pharyngeal arches and gill slits.
- The human coccyx forms from an embryonic tail.
The sister taxon of the Chordata is the _____.
- Mollusca
- Arthropoda
- Ambulacraria
- Rotifera