34: Animal Nutrition and the Digestive System
- Page ID
- 12626
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 34.1: Digestive Systems - Introduction
- Animals use the organs of their digestive systems to extract important nutrients from food they consume, which can later be absorbed.
- 34.2: Digestive Systems - Herbivores, Omnivores, and Carnivores
- Animals can be carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores in their eating strategies.
- 34.3: Digestive Systems - Invertebrate Digestive Systems
- Invertebrate digestive systems include a gastrovascular cavity with one opening or an alimentary canal with a true mouth and anus.
- 34.4: Digestive Systems - Vertebrate Digestive Systems
- Vertebrates may have a single stomach, several stomach chambers, or accessory organs that help to break down ingested food.
- 34.5: Digestive Systems - Digestive System- Mouth and Stomach
- Animal digestion begins in the mouth, then moves through the pharynx, into the esophagus, and then into the stomach and small intestine.
- 34.6: Digestive Systems - Digestive System- Small and Large Intestines
- Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and waste is prepared for elimination in the large intestine.
- 34.7: Nutrition and Energy Production - Food Requirements and Essential Nutrients
- Essential nutrients are those that cannot be created by an animal’s metabolism and need to be obtained from the diet.
- 34.8: Nutrition and Energy Production - Food Energy and ATP
- Animals use energy for metabolism, obtaining that energy from the breakdown of food through the process of cellular respiration.
- 34.9: Digestive System Processes - Ingestion
- The first step to obtaining nutrition is ingestion, a process where food is taken in through the mouth and broken down by teeth and saliva.
- 34.10: Digestive System Processes - Digestion and Absorption
- In order for nutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins) to be absorbed for energy, food must undergo chemical and mechanical digestion.
- 34.11: Digestive System Processes - Elimination
- Undigested food enters the colon where water is reabsorbed into the body and excess waste is eliminated from the anus.
- 34.12: Digestive System Regulation - Neural Responses to Food
- All three phases of digestive responses to food (the cephalic, gastric, and intestinal stages) are managed through enzymatic neural control.
- 34.13: Digestive System Regulation - Hormonal Responses to Food
- The endocrine system controls the release of hormones responsible for starting, stopping, slowing, and quickening digestive processes.