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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_5%3A_Terrestrial_and_Aquatic_Communities/5.1%3A_Earth's_Biomes/5.1.4%3A_Climate_and_the_Effects_of_Global_Climate_ChangeAll biomes are universally affected by global conditions, such as climate, that ultimately shape each biome’s environment. Scientists who study climate have noted a series of marked changes that have ...All biomes are universally affected by global conditions, such as climate, that ultimately shape each biome’s environment. Scientists who study climate have noted a series of marked changes that have gradually become increasingly evident during the last sixty years. Global climate change is the term used to describe altered global weather patterns, including a worldwide increase in temperature, due largely to rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/23%3A_Conservation_Biology/23.02%3A__Biodiversity_Loss_over_timeThe biologists studying cichlids in the 1980s discovered hundreds of cichlid species representing a variety of specializations to particular habitat types and specific feeding strategies: eating plank...The biologists studying cichlids in the 1980s discovered hundreds of cichlid species representing a variety of specializations to particular habitat types and specific feeding strategies: eating plankton floating in the water, scraping and then eating algae from rocks, eating insect larvae from the bottom, and eating the eggs of other species of cichlid.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_2%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.7%3A_What_Makes_the_Climate_ChangeFor example, the opening of the Drake Passage — due to plate-tectonic separation of South America from Antarctica — led to the development of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which isolated Antarcti...For example, the opening of the Drake Passage — due to plate-tectonic separation of South America from Antarctica — led to the development of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which isolated Antarctica from the warmer water in the rest of the ocean and thus contributed to Antarctic glaciation starting at around 35 Ma.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.07%3A_The_Sulfur_CycleAtmospheric sulfur is found in the form of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), which enters the atmosphere in three ways: first, from the decomposition of organic molecules; second, from volcanic activity and geo...Atmospheric sulfur is found in the form of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), which enters the atmosphere in three ways: first, from the decomposition of organic molecules; second, from volcanic activity and geothermal vents; and, third, from the burning of fossil fuels by humans. As rain falls through the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) in the atmosphere is dissolved in the form of weak sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), creating acid rain.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.05%3A_The_Phosphorus_CycleThe movement of phosphate from the ocean to the land and through the soil is extremely slow, with the average phosphate ion having an oceanic residence time between 20,000 and 100,000 years. Soil and ...The movement of phosphate from the ocean to the land and through the soil is extremely slow, with the average phosphate ion having an oceanic residence time between 20,000 and 100,000 years. Soil and Sustainability and Biogeochemical Cycles and the Flow of Energy in the Earth System from Sustainability: A Comprehensive Foundation by Tom Theis and Jonathan Tomkin, Editors (licensed under CC-BY).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_2%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.4%3A_The_AtmosphereOn average, the total weight of the atmospheric mass exerts a pressure at sea level of around 1.0 × 10 5 pascals (Pa; or one atmosphere), which is equivalent to 1.0 kg per cm 2 . The density of the at...On average, the total weight of the atmospheric mass exerts a pressure at sea level of around 1.0 × 10 5 pascals (Pa; or one atmosphere), which is equivalent to 1.0 kg per cm 2 . The density of the atmospheric mass is much greater close to the surface and decreases rapidly with increasing altitude.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/02%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.07%3A_What_Makes_the_Climate_ChangeThis section discusses the natural causes of changes in the Earth's climate over time. These include changes in the radiation from the Sun, changes in the tilt of the Earth, changes in Earth's orbit,...This section discusses the natural causes of changes in the Earth's climate over time. These include changes in the radiation from the Sun, changes in the tilt of the Earth, changes in Earth's orbit, changes in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, shifts in the location of land on earth through plate tectonics, and changes in ocean circulation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/02%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.04%3A_The_AtmosphereThe atmosphere, the gaseous layer that surrounds the earth, formed over four billion years ago and is held in place by the attractive forces of gravity. This section is a brief introduction to the lay...The atmosphere, the gaseous layer that surrounds the earth, formed over four billion years ago and is held in place by the attractive forces of gravity. This section is a brief introduction to the layers of the atmosphere and the differences between climate and weather.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.03%3A__The_Carbon_CycleThe overall effect is that carbon is constantly recycled in the dynamic processes taking place in the atmosphere, at the surface and in the crust of the earth. In 2018, the additional flux of carbon i...The overall effect is that carbon is constantly recycled in the dynamic processes taking place in the atmosphere, at the surface and in the crust of the earth. In 2018, the additional flux of carbon into the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources was estimated to be 36.6 gigatons of carbon (GtC = 1 billion tons of carbon)—a significant disturbance to the natural carbon cycle that had been in balance for several thousand years previously.
