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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Evergreen_Valley_College/BIO_Majors_4A_4B_Lab_Manual_2023/32%3A_Field_Biology_and_Ecology/32.01%3A_IntroductionFigure 44.2 Ecologists study within several biological levels of organization. (credit “organisms”: modification of work by yeowatzup”/Flickr; credit “populations”: modification of work by "Crystl"/Fl...Figure 44.2 Ecologists study within several biological levels of organization. (credit “organisms”: modification of work by yeowatzup”/Flickr; credit “populations”: modification of work by "Crystl"/Flickr; credit “communities”: modification of work by US Fish and Wildlife Service; credit “ecosystems”: modification of work by Tom Carlisle, US Fish and Wildlife Service Headquarters; credit “biosphere”: NASA)
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/8%3A_Ecology/46%3A_Ecosystems/46.1%3A_Ecology_of_EcosystemsAn ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their interactions with their abiotic (non-living) environment. Ecosystems can be small, such as the tide pools found near the rocky shores of many ...An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their interactions with their abiotic (non-living) environment. Ecosystems can be small, such as the tide pools found near the rocky shores of many oceans, or large, such as the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/03%3A_Chapter_3/26%3A_Ecosystems/26.01%3A_Ecology_of_EcosystemsFor example, there is great variation in desert vegetation: the saguaro cacti and other plant life in the Sonoran Desert, in the United States, are relatively abundant compared to the desolate rocky d...For example, there is great variation in desert vegetation: the saguaro cacti and other plant life in the Sonoran Desert, in the United States, are relatively abundant compared to the desolate rocky desert of Boa Vista, an island off the coast of Western Africa (Figure \PageIndex2).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_19%3A_Food_Webs/19.3%3A_Trophic_CascadesIn both Zion National Park and Yosemite National Park, the increase in human visitation during the first half of the 20th century was found to correspond to the decline of native cougar (Puma concolor...In both Zion National Park and Yosemite National Park, the increase in human visitation during the first half of the 20th century was found to correspond to the decline of native cougar (Puma concolor) populations in at least part of their range.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/19%3A_Food_Webs/19.03%3A_Trophic_CascadesIn both Zion National Park and Yosemite National Park, the increase in human visitation during the first half of the 20th century was found to correspond to the decline of native cougar (Puma concolor...In both Zion National Park and Yosemite National Park, the increase in human visitation during the first half of the 20th century was found to correspond to the decline of native cougar (Puma concolor) populations in at least part of their range.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_19%3A_Food_Webs/19.1%3A_Introduction_to_and_Components_of_Food_WebsIn terrestrial ecosystems it is present as leaf litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, which is denominated "soil organic matter". The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic ...In terrestrial ecosystems it is present as leaf litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, which is denominated "soil organic matter". The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic material that is suspended in the water and accumulates in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is denominated "marine snow".
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Cosumnes_River_College/Contemporary_Biology_(Aptekar)/11%3A_Ecosystem_Ecology/11.02%3A_Energy_Flow_through_EcosystemsGrazing food webs have a producer at their base, which is either a plant for terrestrial ecosystems or a phytoplankton for aquatic ecosystems. The producers pass their energy to the various trophic le...Grazing food webs have a producer at their base, which is either a plant for terrestrial ecosystems or a phytoplankton for aquatic ecosystems. The producers pass their energy to the various trophic levels of consumers. At the base of detrital food webs are the decomposers, which pass their energy to a variety of other consumers. Detrital food webs are important for the health of many grazing food webs because they eliminate dead and decaying organic material, clearing space for new organisms.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/BIOL-11B_Clovis_Community_College/20%3A_Ecosystem_Ecology/20.01%3A_Ecology_of_EcosystemsFor example, there is great variation in desert vegetation: the saguaro cacti and other plant life in the Sonoran Desert, in the United States, are relatively abundant compared to the desolate rocky d...For example, there is great variation in desert vegetation: the saguaro cacti and other plant life in the Sonoran Desert, in the United States, are relatively abundant compared to the desolate rocky desert of Boa Vista, an island off the coast of Western Africa (Figure 46.3).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_2e_(OpenStax)/08%3A_Unit_VIII-_Ecology/8.03%3A_Ecosystems/8.3.02%3A_Ecology_of_EcosystemsAn ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their interactions with their abiotic (non-living) environment. Ecosystems can be small, such as the tide pools found near the rocky shores of many ...An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their interactions with their abiotic (non-living) environment. Ecosystems can be small, such as the tide pools found near the rocky shores of many oceans, or large, such as the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_19%3A_Food_Webs/19.2%3A_Quantifying_Food_WebsFrom left to right, top to bottom: (a) Gonatus sp. (squid) feeding on a bathylagid fish (Bathylagidae); (b) Periphylla periphylla, the helmet jellyfish, feeding on a gonatid squid (Gonatidae), with a ...From left to right, top to bottom: (a) Gonatus sp. (squid) feeding on a bathylagid fish (Bathylagidae); (b) Periphylla periphylla, the helmet jellyfish, feeding on a gonatid squid (Gonatidae), with a small narcomedusa (Aegina sp.) also captured; (c) an undescribed physonect siphonophore known as ‘the galaxy siphonophore’ feeding on a lanternfish of the family Myctophidae; (d) a narcomedusa, Solmissus, ingesting a salp chain (Salpida); (e) the ctenophore Thalassocalyce inconstans, with a euphaus…
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_13%3A_The_Ecology_of_Intraspecific_VariationThe diagrams show that: (A) there is individual variation in the phenotype (personality: heights of the red lines), but that there is no phenotypic plasticity, (B) there is individual variation in the...The diagrams show that: (A) there is individual variation in the phenotype (personality: heights of the red lines), but that there is no phenotypic plasticity, (B) there is individual variation in the phenotype (personality: heights of the red lines), there is population-level phenotypic plasticity (slopes of the red lines are non-zero), but individuals do not differ in their response to the environment (slopes of the red lines are equal), and (C) there is individual variation in the phenotype …
