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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.4%3A_Mating_Systems_in_PlantsSI is one of the most important means of preventing inbreeding and promoting the generation of new genotypes in plants and it is considered one of the causes of the spread and success of angiosperms o...SI is one of the most important means of preventing inbreeding and promoting the generation of new genotypes in plants and it is considered one of the causes of the spread and success of angiosperms on the earth. Plants that use insects or other animals to move pollen from one flower to the next have developed greatly modified flower parts to attract pollinators and to facilitate the movement of pollen from one flower to the insect and from the insect back to the next flower.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Introduction_to_Botany_(Shipunov)/07%3A_The_Origin_of_Trees_and_Seeds/7.05%3A_Origin_of_the_SeedWhen plants developed the secondary growth, the almost unlimited perspectives opened for enlarging their body. However, these giants faced a new problem.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.04%3A_Plant_Development_-_Fundamentals/16.4B%3A_Germination_of_SeedsThis page discusses germination, the process where a seed's embryo resumes growth, influenced by temperature, water, oxygen, and dormancy. Many temperate seeds require cold to overcome germination inh...This page discusses germination, the process where a seed's embryo resumes growth, influenced by temperature, water, oxygen, and dormancy. Many temperate seeds require cold to overcome germination inhibitors. In dicots, the primary root and hypocotyl emerge with cotyledons shielding the plumule, while monocots like corn and oats grow their primary root downwards and primary leaf upwards, protected by a coleoptile. The mechanisms of germination are crucial for plant survival and growth.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Norco_College/OpenStax_Biology_2e_for_Norco_College/26%3A_Seed_Plants/26.02%3A_Evolution_of_Seed_PlantsThe first plants to colonize land were most likely closely related to modern day mosses (bryophytes) and are thought to have appeared about 500 million years ago. They were followed by liverworts (als...The first plants to colonize land were most likely closely related to modern day mosses (bryophytes) and are thought to have appeared about 500 million years ago. They were followed by liverworts (also bryophytes) and primitive vascular plants—the pterophytes—from which modern ferns are derived.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Introduction_to_Plant_Science_(Hochman_Adler)/13%3A_The_Origin_of_Trees_and_Seeds/13.05%3A_Origin_of_the_SeedWhen plants developed the secondary growth, the almost unlimited perspectives opened for enlarging their body. However, these giants faced a new problem.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_102_Laboratory_Manual%3A_Biology_of_Plants_and_Animals_(Ray_and_Jones)/01%3A_Chapters/1.11%3A_Chapter_11This page provides an overview of angiosperm reproduction, emphasizing flower anatomy, pollination, and fruit development. Students engage in lab exercises that include flower dissection and explore v...This page provides an overview of angiosperm reproduction, emphasizing flower anatomy, pollination, and fruit development. Students engage in lab exercises that include flower dissection and explore various fruit types, including seedless varieties and classifications of dry fruits. The significance of seed dispersal mechanisms and genetic diversity through pollination methods is highlighted, along with practical aspects of embryonic development and germination.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Biology_I_and_II/05%3A_Unit_V-_Biological_Diversity/5.09%3A_Plantae/5.9.2%3A_Kingdom_Plantae_-_AdaptationsAs plants adapted to life on land, they had to contend with several challenges in the terrestrial environment, the largest being a lack of easy access to water as compared to an aquatic environment. F...As plants adapted to life on land, they had to contend with several challenges in the terrestrial environment, the largest being a lack of easy access to water as compared to an aquatic environment. Four major adaptations are found in all terrestrial plants: the alternation of generations, a sporangium in which the spores are formed, a gametangium that produces haploid cells, and apical meristem tissue in roots and shoots.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.05%3A_Mating_Systems_in_PlantsSI is one of the most important means of preventing inbreeding and promoting the generation of new genotypes in plants and it is considered one of the causes of the spread and success of angiosperms o...SI is one of the most important means of preventing inbreeding and promoting the generation of new genotypes in plants and it is considered one of the causes of the spread and success of angiosperms on the earth. Plants that use insects or other animals to move pollen from one flower to the next have developed greatly modified flower parts to attract pollinators and to facilitate the movement of pollen from one flower to the insect and from the insect back to the next flower.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/5%3A_Biological_Diversity/26%3A_Seed_Plants/26.1%3A_Evolution_of_Seed_PlantsThe first plants to colonize land were most likely closely related to modern day mosses (bryophytes) and are thought to have appeared about 500 million years ago. They were followed by liverworts (als...The first plants to colonize land were most likely closely related to modern day mosses (bryophytes) and are thought to have appeared about 500 million years ago. They were followed by liverworts (also bryophytes) and primitive vascular plants—the pterophytes—from which modern ferns are derived.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Botany_in_Hawaii_(Daniela_Dutra_Elliott_and_Paula_Mejia_Velasquez)/05%3A_Flowers_fruits_and_seeds/5.02%3A_Plant_reproduction-_pollination_and_fertilizationPollination is defined as the transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower to the female part of the flower, usually the flower on another plant. As mentioned above, one of the two sperm cells th...Pollination is defined as the transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower to the female part of the flower, usually the flower on another plant. As mentioned above, one of the two sperm cells that were released from the pollen grains and delivered to the ovary via the pollen tube will join the egg to give rise to an embryo, while the other sperm cell will fuse with a structure, found inside of the plant egg, called the polar nucleus giving rise to a nutritive tissue called the endosperm.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Thompson_Rivers_University/Principles_of_Biology_II_OL_ed/03%3A_Systematics_Phylogeny_and_Biological_Diversity/3.04%3A_Biological_Diversity/3.4.08%3A_Kingdom_Plantae_-_AdaptationsAs plants adapted to life on land, they had to contend with several challenges in the terrestrial environment, the largest being a lack of easy access to water as compared to an aquatic environment. F...As plants adapted to life on land, they had to contend with several challenges in the terrestrial environment, the largest being a lack of easy access to water as compared to an aquatic environment. Four major adaptations are found in all terrestrial plants: the alternation of generations, a sporangium in which the spores are formed, a gametangium that produces haploid cells, and apical meristem tissue in roots and shoots.
