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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology/01%3A_An_Invisible_World/1.01%3A_A_Systematic_ApproachCarolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A...Carolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A phylogenetic tree is a way of showing how different organisms are thought to be related to one another from an evolutionary standpoint. The first phylogenetic tree contained kingdoms for plants and animals; Ernst Haeckel proposed adding kingdom for protists.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Community_College_of_Vermont/Human_Biology_(Gabor_Gyurkovics)/03%3A_Cells/3.03%3A_Variation_in_CellsAlthough all living cells have certain things in common, different types of cells, even within the same organism, may have their unique structures and functions. Cells with different functions general...Although all living cells have certain things in common, different types of cells, even within the same organism, may have their unique structures and functions. Cells with different functions generally have different shapes that suit them for their particular job.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/New_England_College/Microbiology_with_NEC/01%3A_Depth_and_Breadth_of_Microbiology/1.04%3A_A_Systematic_ApproachCarolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A...Carolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A phylogenetic tree is a way of showing how different organisms are thought to be related to one another from an evolutionary standpoint. The first phylogenetic tree contained kingdoms for plants and animals; Ernst Haeckel proposed adding kingdom for protists.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Minnesota_State_Community_and_Technical_College/Biology_of_Human_Concerns_(Daniels)/03%3A_Cells/3.03%3A_Variation_in_CellsAlthough all living cells have certain things in common, different types of cells, even within the same organism, may have their unique structures and functions. Cells with different functions general...Although all living cells have certain things in common, different types of cells, even within the same organism, may have their unique structures and functions. Cells with different functions generally have different shapes that suit them for their particular job.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/1%3A_The_Chemistry_of_Life/1%3A_The_Study_of_Life/1.2%3A_Themes_and_Concepts_of_BiologyFrom its earliest beginnings, biology has wrestled with three questions: What are the shared properties that make something “alive”? And once we know something is alive, how do we find meaningful leve...From its earliest beginnings, biology has wrestled with three questions: What are the shared properties that make something “alive”? And once we know something is alive, how do we find meaningful levels of organization in its structure? And, finally, when faced with the remarkable diversity of life, how do we organize the different kinds of organisms so that we can better understand them? As new organisms are discovered every day, biologists continue to seek answers to these and other questions.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/01%3A_An_Invisible_World/1.02%3A_A_Systematic_ApproachCarolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A...Carolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A phylogenetic tree is a way of showing how different organisms are thought to be related to one another from an evolutionary standpoint. The first phylogenetic tree contained kingdoms for plants and animals; Ernst Haeckel proposed adding a kingdom for protists.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/North_Central_State_College/BIOL_1550%3A_Microbiology_(2025)/01%3A_Introduction_to_Microbiology/1.06%3A_A_Systematic_ApproachCarolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A...Carolus Linnaeus developed a taxonomic system for categorizing organisms into related groups. Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms Latinized scientific names with a genus and species designation. A phylogenetic tree is a way of showing how different organisms are thought to be related to one another from an evolutionary standpoint. The first phylogenetic tree contained kingdoms for plants and animals; Ernst Haeckel proposed adding a kingdom for protists.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/2%3A_The_Cell/04%3A_Cell_Structure/4.2%3A_Prokaryotic_CellsCells fall into one of two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Only the predominantly single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes (pro- = “befor...Cells fall into one of two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Only the predominantly single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes (pro- = “before”; -kary- = “nucleus”). Cells of animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all eukaryotes (eu- = “true”) and are made up of eukaryotic cells.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/07%3A_Phylogenies_and_the_History_of_Life/7.04%3A_Perspectives_on_the_Phylogenetic_TreeThe concepts of phylogenetic modeling are constantly changing. It is one of the most dynamic fields of study in all of biology. Over the last several decades, new research has challenged scientists’ i...The concepts of phylogenetic modeling are constantly changing. It is one of the most dynamic fields of study in all of biology. Over the last several decades, new research has challenged scientists’ ideas about how organisms are related. New models of these relationships have been proposed for consideration by the scientific community.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/Bio_11A_-_Introduction_to_Biology_I/15%3A_Photosynthesis-_Calvin_Cycle/15.04%3A_Photosynthesis_in_ProkaryotesThe two parts of photosynthesis—the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle—have been described, as they take place in chloroplasts. Prokaryotic photosynthetic organisms have infoldings of the ...The two parts of photosynthesis—the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle—have been described, as they take place in chloroplasts. Prokaryotic photosynthetic organisms have infoldings of the plasma membrane for chlorophyll attachment and photosynthesis (Figure \PageIndex1). Although these are not contained in an organelle, such as a chloroplast, all of the necessary components are present to carry out photosynthesis. (credit: scale-bar data from Matt Russell)
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/01%3A_Chapter_1/05%3A_Cell_Structure_and_Function/5.02%3A_Comparing_Prokaryotic_and_Eukaryotic_CellsThe surface area of the small cell is 1mm x 1mm x 6 sides = 6mm 2 . The volume of the small cell is 1mm x 1mm x 1mm = 1mm 3 . This gives a surface area to volume ratio of 6:1. The surface area of the ...The surface area of the small cell is 1mm x 1mm x 6 sides = 6mm 2 . The volume of the small cell is 1mm x 1mm x 1mm = 1mm 3 . This gives a surface area to volume ratio of 6:1. The surface area of the larger cell is 2mm x 2mm x 6 sides = 24mm 2 . The volume of the large cell is 2mm x 2mm x 2mm = 8mm 3 . This gives a surface area to volume ratio of 3:1 (24:8 reduces to 3:1).
