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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_14%3A_Introduction_to_Community_EcologyFigure 9: Foundational species increase food web complexity by facilitating species higher in the food chain. (A) Seven ecosystems with foundation species were sampled: coastal (seagrass, blue mussel,...Figure 9: Foundational species increase food web complexity by facilitating species higher in the food chain. (A) Seven ecosystems with foundation species were sampled: coastal (seagrass, blue mussel, cordgrass), freshwater (watermilfoil, water-starwort) and terrestrial (Spanish moss, marram grass). (B) Food webs were constructed for both bare and foundation species-dominated replicate areas. (C) From each foundation species structured-food web, nodes (species) were randomly removed until the s…
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_16%3A_Antagonistic_Interactions/16.1%3A_PredationPredation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/11%3A_Behavioral_Ecology/11.03%3A_Optimal_Foraging_TheoryHandling time (h) is the amount of time it takes the predator to handle the food, beginning from the time the predator finds the prey item to the time the prey item is eaten. Thus, the constraints are...Handling time (h) is the amount of time it takes the predator to handle the food, beginning from the time the predator finds the prey item to the time the prey item is eaten. Thus, the constraints are the shape of the curve of diminishing returns and the travel time (the time it takes to make a round trip from the nest to a patch and back).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_11%3A_Behavioral_Ecology/11.2%3A_Foraging_EcologyStudies using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have associated the following loci with the matched functions; Pln-1 and Pln-4 with onset of foraging age, Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen l...Studies using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have associated the following loci with the matched functions; Pln-1 and Pln-4 with onset of foraging age, Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen loads collected by workers, and Pln-2 and pln-3 were shown to influence the sugar concentration of the nectar collected. Handling time (h) is the amount of time it takes the predator to handle the food, beginning from the time the predator finds the prey item to the time the prey item is eaten.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_17%3A_Symbioses/17.1%3A_ParasitismA perspective on the evolutionary options can be gained by considering four key questions: the effect on the fitness of a parasite's hosts; the number of hosts they have per life stage; whether the ho...A perspective on the evolutionary options can be gained by considering four key questions: the effect on the fitness of a parasite's hosts; the number of hosts they have per life stage; whether the host is prevented from reproducing; and whether the effect depends on intensity (number of parasites per host).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/11%3A_Behavioral_Ecology/11.02%3A_Foraging_EcologyStudies using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have associated the following loci with the matched functions; Pln-1 and Pln-4 with onset of foraging age, Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen l...Studies using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have associated the following loci with the matched functions; Pln-1 and Pln-4 with onset of foraging age, Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen loads collected by workers, and Pln-2 and pln-3 were shown to influence the sugar concentration of the nectar collected (Figure \PageIndex3).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/4.3%3A_Community_Ecology/4.3.2%3A_Antagonistic_InteractionsAntagonistic interactions are those where at least one individual experiences lowered fitness as an outcome.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Thompson_Rivers_University/Principles_of_Biology_II_OL_ed/04%3A_Ecology/4.03%3A_Community_Ecology/4.3.02%3A_Antagonistic_InteractionsAntagonistic interactions are those where at least one individual experiences lowered fitness as an outcome.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/16%3A_Antagonistic_Interactions/16.01%3A_PredationA range of mathematical models have been developed by relaxing the assumptions made in the Lotka-Volterra model; these variously allow animals to have geographic distributions, or to migrate; to have ...A range of mathematical models have been developed by relaxing the assumptions made in the Lotka-Volterra model; these variously allow animals to have geographic distributions, or to migrate; to have differences between individuals, such as sexes and an age structure, so that only some individuals reproduce; to live in a varying environment, such as with changing seasons (Cushing, 2005; Thieme, 2003); and analyzing the interactions of more than just two species at once.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/14%3A_Introduction_to_Species_InteractionsFigure \PageIndex10: Foundational species increase food web complexity by facilitating species higher in the food chain. (A) Seven ecosystems with foundation species were sampled: coastal (seagr...Figure \PageIndex10: Foundational species increase food web complexity by facilitating species higher in the food chain. (A) Seven ecosystems with foundation species were sampled: coastal (seagrass, blue mussel, cordgrass), freshwater (watermilfoil, water-starwort) and terrestrial (Spanish moss, marram grass). (B) Food webs were constructed for both bare and foundation species-dominated replicate areas. (C) From each foundation species structured-food web, nodes (species) were randomly re…
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/16%3A_Antagonistic_Interactions/16.04%3A_ParasitismA perspective on the evolutionary options can be gained by considering four key questions: the effect on the fitness of a parasite's hosts; the number of hosts they have per life stage; whether the ho...A perspective on the evolutionary options can be gained by considering four key questions: the effect on the fitness of a parasite's hosts; the number of hosts they have per life stage; whether the host is prevented from reproducing; and whether the effect depends on intensity (number of parasites per host).
