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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Folsom_Lake_College/BIOL_440%3A_General_Microbiology_(Panoutsopoulos)/04%3A_Microbial_Growth_and_Metabolism/4.04%3A_Microbial_Metabolism/4.4.01%3A_Energy_Matter_and_EnzymesCellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers t...Cellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers to those endergonic metabolic pathways involved in biosynthesis, converting simple molecular building blocks into more complex molecules, and fueled by the use of cellular energy.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Clinton_College/BIO_403%3A_Microbiology_(Neely)/04%3A_Microbial_Growth_and_Metabolism/4.04%3A_Microbial_Metabolism/4.4.01%3A_Energy_Matter_and_EnzymesCellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers t...Cellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers to those endergonic metabolic pathways involved in biosynthesis, converting simple molecular building blocks into more complex molecules, and fueled by the use of cellular energy.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/BIOL_190%3A_General_Biology_(OpenStax)/02%3A_Unit_II-_The_Cell/2.03%3A_Metabolism/2.3.06%3A_EnzymesA substance that helps a chemical reaction to occur is a catalyst, and the special molecules that catalyze biochemical reactions are called enzymes. Almost all enzymes are proteins, made up of chains ...A substance that helps a chemical reaction to occur is a catalyst, and the special molecules that catalyze biochemical reactions are called enzymes. Almost all enzymes are proteins, made up of chains of amino acids, and they perform the critical task of lowering the activation energies of chemical reactions inside the cell. Enzymes do this by binding to the reactant molecules, and holding them in such a way as to make the chemical bond-breaking and bond-forming processes take place more readily.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/Bio_11A_-_Introduction_to_Biology_I/11%3A_Metabolism/11.05%3A_Enzyme_RegulationImportantly, competitive inhibition can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration, as this raises the probability of the substrate out-competing the inhibitor for the active site. Competitive ...Importantly, competitive inhibition can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration, as this raises the probability of the substrate out-competing the inhibitor for the active site. Competitive inhibition often serves as a rapid, reversible way to control metabolic pathways, while noncompetitive inhibition allows for more complex regulation, as the allosteric site can respond to molecules unrelated to the substrate.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/01%3A_Chapter_1/08%3A_Enzyme-catalyzed_reactions/8.07%3A_Feedback_Inhibition_in_Metabolic_PathwaysPerhaps the most relevant sources of regulatory molecules, with respect to enzymatic cellular metabolism, are the products of the cellular metabolic reactions themselves. In a most efficient and elega...Perhaps the most relevant sources of regulatory molecules, with respect to enzymatic cellular metabolism, are the products of the cellular metabolic reactions themselves. In a most efficient and elegant way, cells have evolved to use the products of their own reactions for feedback inhibition of enzyme activity. Additionally, ATP is an allosteric regulator of some of the enzymes involved in the catabolic breakdown of sugar, the process that creates ATP.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/2%3A_The_Cell/06%3A_Metabolism/6.5%3A_EnzymesA substance that helps a chemical reaction to occur is a catalyst, and the special molecules that catalyze biochemical reactions are called enzymes. Almost all enzymes are proteins, made up of chains ...A substance that helps a chemical reaction to occur is a catalyst, and the special molecules that catalyze biochemical reactions are called enzymes. Almost all enzymes are proteins, made up of chains of amino acids, and they perform the critical task of lowering the activation energies of chemical reactions inside the cell. Enzymes do this by binding to the reactant molecules, and holding them in such a way as to make the chemical bond-breaking and bond-forming processes take place more readily.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Concepts_in_Biology_(OpenStax)/04%3A_How_Cells_Obtain_Energy/4.01%3A_Energy_and_MetabolismCells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down co...Cells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down complex chemicals into simpler ones and are associated with energy release. Anabolic processes build complex molecules out of simpler ones and require energy. In studying energy, the term system refers to the matter and environment involved in energy transfers.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Cosumnes_River_College/Contemporary_Biology_(Aptekar)/04%3A_Cell_Energy-_Cell_Metabolism_Enzymes_Respiration_Fermentation_and_Photosynthesis/4.01%3A_Energy_and_MetabolismCells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down co...Cells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down complex chemicals into simpler ones and are associated with energy release. Anabolic processes build complex molecules out of simpler ones and require energy. In studying energy, the term system refers to the matter and environment involved in energy transfers.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_(Liu_et_al.)/08%3A_Microbial_Metabolism_I/8.02%3A_Enzyme_Structure_and_FunctionCellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers t...Cellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers to those endergonic metabolic pathways involved in biosynthesis, converting simple molecular building blocks into more complex molecules, and fueled by the use of cellular energy.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_(Liu_et_al.)/08%3A_Microbial_Metabolism_I/8.01%3A_Energy_Matter_and_EnzymesCellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers t...Cellular processes such as the building or breaking down of complex molecules occur through series of stepwise, interconnected chemical reactions called metabolic pathways. The term anabolism refers to those endergonic metabolic pathways involved in biosynthesis, converting simple molecular building blocks into more complex molecules, and fueled by the use of cellular energy.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/Unit_IV_-_Special_Topics/28%3A_Biosignaling_-_Capstone_Volume_I/28.04%3A__The_next_step_-_Downsteam_intracellular_signalingThis document provides a comprehensive overview of intracellular signaling, focusing on various pathways such as those mediated by PKA, PKC, AKAPs, RTKs, JAK/STAT, and Src family kinases, as well as M...This document provides a comprehensive overview of intracellular signaling, focusing on various pathways such as those mediated by PKA, PKC, AKAPs, RTKs, JAK/STAT, and Src family kinases, as well as MAPK cascades. It discusses the components involved in signal transduction, their mechanisms of activation and regulation, and the integration of different pathways to generate specific cellular responses.
