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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/06%3A_Site_Quality/06.2%3A_Overview_of_Site_IndexIn our first example above for Douglas-fir, the tree whose 50-year site index is 80 feet is in Site Class IV, while the 120 foot tree is growing on Site Class II ground (Figure 6.3). The ridgetop, exp...In our first example above for Douglas-fir, the tree whose 50-year site index is 80 feet is in Site Class IV, while the 120 foot tree is growing on Site Class II ground (Figure 6.3). The ridgetop, exposed to wind and erosion, may produce trees that fall into Site Class III, whereas the toe of the slope, with less exposed rock and deeper soils collecting that eroded material, is Site Class II (Figure 6.4: A).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/04%3A_Tree_Age/04.6%3A._Field_Techniques_for_Increment_BoringAfter inserting the extractor into the borer, turn the handle in a reverse direction crisply to break the wood and allow the core to be extracted. (If the extractor is inserted on top of the core samp...After inserting the extractor into the borer, turn the handle in a reverse direction crisply to break the wood and allow the core to be extracted. (If the extractor is inserted on top of the core sample, make 1 ½ reverse turns; if the extractor is inserted below the core sample, make two full reverse turns.)
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/01%3A_Slope
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/04%3A_Tree_Age/04.3%3A_Field_Technique_Tips_for_Counting_Whorls%3A4.3 Field Technique Tips for Counting Whorls: Because each whorl represents one year of growth, one can estimate age on young trees with determinate height growth by counting the whorls. This method o...4.3 Field Technique Tips for Counting Whorls: Because each whorl represents one year of growth, one can estimate age on young trees with determinate height growth by counting the whorls. This method of “counting the whorls” usually works very well up to fifteen years of age or so for conifers such as Douglas-fir, spruces (Picea spp.), pines (Pinus spp.) and true firs (Abies spp.).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/02%3A_Tree_Height/02.1%3A_Why_Tree_HeightTree height is an important ecological trait, as the competition for sunlight determines which trees flourish, and which trees become suppressed and eventually die out. Height of the vegetation and ph...Tree height is an important ecological trait, as the competition for sunlight determines which trees flourish, and which trees become suppressed and eventually die out. Height of the vegetation and physical landforms (such as bluffs) along streams can be used to predict the amount of shade a stream will receive throughout the day and year. Forest inventories that determine the volume and value of wood require a height measurement – the most important factor for estimating wood volume.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/04%3A_Tree_Age/04.2%3A_Young_treesThe terminal and lateral buds at the tips of the tree break bud, or “flush” in the spring (Figure 4.2). A tree increases in height by the length of the new leader growth produced by the terminal bud (...The terminal and lateral buds at the tips of the tree break bud, or “flush” in the spring (Figure 4.2). A tree increases in height by the length of the new leader growth produced by the terminal bud (from old bud to new bud). In addition, the lateral buds flush and produce a new whorl of branches at the base of the leader (old bud location) (Figure 4.3). Therefore, each whorl of branches and the stem growth immediately above it (up to the next whorl) represent one year of growth.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/06%3A_Site_Quality/06.1%3A_Forest_Site_ProductivityDecisions about what species to grow, how intensely to manage the trees, or whether or not trees are the best crop for a particularly piece of ground, are all tied to how plants grow on a site. And al...Decisions about what species to grow, how intensely to manage the trees, or whether or not trees are the best crop for a particularly piece of ground, are all tied to how plants grow on a site. And although the causal reasons for the productivity are not identified, as would be the case if all the influential variables were measured, a reliable indicator for tree growth on the site can be obtained.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/02%3A_Tree_Height/02.3%3A_Using_Percent_Slope_to_Determine_Tree_Height2.3 Using Percent Slope to Determine Tree Height When using percent slope to determine tree height, the tree is the rise, and the horizontal distance from the tree along the ground is the run (Figure ...2.3 Using Percent Slope to Determine Tree Height When using percent slope to determine tree height, the tree is the rise, and the horizontal distance from the tree along the ground is the run (Figure 2.3). A tree can be measured from any distance, but the farther back one is from the tree, the less foreshortened the view, and generally, the more accurate the slope readings.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/05%3A_Stand_Characteristics/05.6%3A_Application_of_LCR_and_Crown_Class_in_Forest_Management5.6 Application of LCR and Crown Class in Forest Management Live crown ratio and crown class are descriptors of tree crown characteristics and indicators of tree vigor. But how does one decide which i...5.6 Application of LCR and Crown Class in Forest Management Live crown ratio and crown class are descriptors of tree crown characteristics and indicators of tree vigor. But how does one decide which individual trees to cut or leave, and how does one communicate that information, especially to a crew of people marking the trees? In this way, the person making the cut and leave decisions on the ground has a much clearer idea of how to achieve the objective to “improve stand vigor.”
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/04%3A_Tree_Age/04.4%3A_Forest_SettingLarger trees growing in a forest present the greatest challenge. As noted above, it is very difficult to estimate tree age simply from size. So much depends on the tree’s microenvironment (access to ...Larger trees growing in a forest present the greatest challenge. As noted above, it is very difficult to estimate tree age simply from size. So much depends on the tree’s microenvironment (access to light, water, space and nutrients), its unique species-dependent growth habits, and the events that alter the tree’s environment or health over the course of its life. The frequency and intensity of disturbances such as fire, insect attacks, or windstorms profoundly influence tree growth over time.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Forest_Measurements_-_An_Applied_Approach_(DeYoung)/03%3A_Tree_Diameter
