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Biology LibreTexts

7: Seeds

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Learning objectives
  • List three functions of a seed and identify its structures.
  • Describe the process of seed germination.
  • List the external factors required for seed germination.
  • Understand dormancy and how the skilled plant propagator overcomes it.

Seeds are key to feeding the world’s population as a nutrition and calorie source and for the propagation of most crops. In addition, being a fusion of paternal (pollen) and maternal (egg) genetic material, seeds create diversity; evolution acts on this diversity, and plant breeders take advantage of it to improve crops.

Thumbnail: Why a coconut? Because inside the coconut’s fibrous husk is a seed (image: Coconut. Filo gèn. CC BY-SA 4.0).


This page titled 7: Seeds is shared under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Teresa Friedrich Finnern via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.

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