15.1: Redox Reactions
- Page ID
- 133588
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| \(e^{-}\) donor | \(e^{-}\) acceptor | Reaction | \(\log K \ \left(25^{\circ} \text{C}\right)\) | \(\log K\) as a function of temperature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .5 \ \text{O}_{2} (aq) = \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 46.1129 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 50.49 - .1885T + .0005639 T^{2} \\ & - 1.194e - 6T^{3} + 1.11e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .4 \ \text{H}^{+} + .4 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 1.2 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .2 \ \text{N}_{2}(aq)\) | 44.565 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 48.71 - .1796T + .0005927 T^{2} \\ & - 1.329e - 6T^{3} + 1.33e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + \text{NO}_{3}^{-} (aq) = \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | 30.7997 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 33.65 − .1224T + .000361 T^{2} \\ & - 7.786e − 7T^{3} + 7.78e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .6667 \ \text{H}^{+} + .6667 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-} = 1.333 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .3333 \ \text{N}_{2}(aq)\) | 53.7419 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 58.76 - .2177T + .0007472 T^{2} \\ & - 1.695e - 6T^{3} + 1.698e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .5 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} + .5 \ \text{H}^{+} = .25 \ \text{N}_{2}\text{O} + 1.25 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 40.3459 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 44.06 - .1599 T + .0004684 T^{2} \\ & - 8.663e - 7T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + \text{NO}_{2}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} = .5 \ \text{N}_{2}\text{O} + 1.5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 49.8921 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 54.48 - .1974T + .0005752 T^{2} \\ & - 1.015e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .5 \ \text{H}^{+} + .25 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = .75 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .25 \ \text{NH}_{4}^{+}\) | 32.8798 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 35.94 - .1322T + .0004137 T^{2} \\ & - 8.769e - 7T^{3} + 8.101e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = 6 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 2 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 38.9153 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 42.77 - .167T + .0005475T^{2} \\ & - 1.046e - 6T^{3} + 6.45e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{FeOOH} (s)\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + 2 \ Goethite + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = 4 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 2 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 30.1371 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 33.4 - .1412T + .0004465 T^{2} \\ & - 8.129e - 7T^{3} + 4.075e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{Fe}_{2} \text{O}_{3}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + Hematite + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = 3 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 2 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 29.1806 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 32.52 - .144T + .0004374 T^{2} \\ & - 7.77e - 7T^{3} + 3.669e − 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .5 \ \text{H}^{+} + .25 \ \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} = \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .25 \ \text{H}_{2} \text{S} (aq)\) | 13.2643 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 14.37 - .04823T + .0001952 T^{2} \\ & - 4.893e - 7T^{3} + 5.265e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \ (aq)\) | \(\text{CO}_{2}\) | \(\text{H}_{2} (aq) + .25 \ \text{CO}_{2} = .5 \ \text{H}_{2} \text{O} + .25 \ \text{CH}_{4} (aq)\) | 8.4944 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 9.387 - .03826T + 9.693e − 5T^{2} \\ & - 1.608e - 7T^{3} + 7.808e - 11T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 2 \ \text{O}_{2} (aq) = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{H}^{+}\) | 146.7487 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 160.6 - .5958T + .001832T^{2} \\ & - 3.959e − 6T^{3} + 3.773e − 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + .6 \ \text{H}^{+} + 1.6 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .8 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq) + .8 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 140.5573 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 153.5 - .5601T + .001948T^{2} \\ & - 4.499e - 6T^{3} + 4.654e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 4 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} + 4 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | 85.4959 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 93.2 - .3313T + .001021T^{2} \\ & - 2.299e - 6T^{3} + 2.445e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 1.667 \ \text{H}^{+} + 2.667 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-} = \\ \quad\quad\quad\quad \quad\quad\quad\quad 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 1.333 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq) + 1.333 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 177.2648 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 193.6 - .7127T + .002566T^{2} \\ & - 5.966e - 6T^{3} + 6.126e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} + 2 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{N}_{2} \text{O} (aq) + 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 123.6807 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 134.9 - .4842T + .001503T^{2} \\ & - 2.917e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 4 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-} + 3 \ \text{H}^{+} = 2 \ \text{N}_{2} \text{O} (aq) + 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 2 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 161.8655 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 176.6 - .6343T + .00193T^{2} \\ & - 3.51e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} + \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{NH}_{4}^{+}\) | 93.8161 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 102.4 - .3706T + .001232T^{2} \\ & - 2.692e - 6T^{3} + 2.574e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 15 \ \text{H}^{+} + 8 \ \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 20 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 117.9583 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 129.7 - .5098T + .001767T^{2} \\ & - 3.37e - 6T^{3} + 1.913e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{FeOOH} (s)\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 15 \ \text{H}^{+} + 8 \ Goethite = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 12 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 82.8455 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 92.23 - .4065T + .001363T^{2} \\ & - 2.436e - 6T^{3} + 9.633e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe}_{2} \text{O}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + 15 \ \text{H}^{+} + 4 \ Hematite = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 8 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 79.0195 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 88.71 - .4179T + .001326T^{2} \\ & - 2.292e - 6T^{3} + 8.009e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} + \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} = 2 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq)\) | 15.3544 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 16.11 - .03464T + .0003578T^{2} \\ & - 1.141e - 6T^{3} + 1.439e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{COO}^{-} + \text{H}_{2}\text{O} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{CH}_{4} (aq)\) | 2.6407 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 2.716 - .003792T + 6.667e - 5T^{2} \\ & - 1.036e - 7T^{3} + 1.604e - 12T^{4} \end{align*}\) | |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(Formate + .5 \ \text{O}_{2}(aq) = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) | 42.8054 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 46.92 - .1768T + .0005424T^{2} \\ & - 1.183e - 6T^{3} + 1.171e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Formate + .4 \ \text{H}^{+} + .4 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .2 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq) + .2 \ \text{H}_{2} \text{O}\) | 41.2575 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 45.14 - .1679T + .0005712T^{2} \\ & - 1.318e - 6T^{3} + 1.391e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Formate + \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | 27.4922 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 30.07 - .1107T + .0003394T^{2} \\ & - 7.675e - 7T^{3} + 8.392e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(Formate + .6667 \ \text{H}^{+} + .6667 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-} = \\ \quad\quad\quad \quad\quad\quad\quad \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .3333 \ \text{N}_{2}(aq) + .3333 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 50.4344 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 55.19 - .2061T + .0007257T^{2} \\ & - 1.684e - 6T^{3} + 1.759e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Formate + .5 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} + .5 \ \text{H}^{+} = .25 \ \text{N}_{2} \text{O}(aq) + \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .25 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 37.0384 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 40.5 - .1501T + .000489T^{2} \\ & - 1.079e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(Formate + \text{NO}_{2}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} = .5 \ \text{N}_{2}\text{O} (aq) + \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 46.5846 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 50.92 - .1876T + .0005958T^{2} \\ & - 1.227e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Formate + .25 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .5 \ \text{H}^{+} + .25 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .25 \ \text{NH}_{4}^{-}\) | 29.5722 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 32.37 - .1205T + .0003922T^{2} \\ & - 8.659e - 7T^{3} + 8.713e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s)\) | \(Formate + 2 \ \text{Fe(OH)}_{3}(s) + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 2 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 35.6078 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 39.2 - .1554T + .000526T^{2} \\ & - 1.035e - 6T^{3} + 7.062e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{FeOOH} (s)\) | \(Formate + 2 \ Goethite + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 3 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 2 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 26.8296 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 29.83 - .1295T + .0004249T^{2} \\ & - 8.018e - 7T^{3} + 4.687e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe}_{2} \text{O}_{3} (s)\) | \(Formate + Hematite + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 2 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 2 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 25.8731 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 28.95 - .1324T + .0004159T^{2} \\ & - 7.659e - 7T^{3} + 4.281 e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) | \(Formate + .5 \ \text{H}^{+} + .25 \ \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .25 \ \text{H}_{2} \text{S} (aq)\) | 9.9568 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 10.8 - .03656T + .0001737T^{2} \\ & - 4.782e - 7T^{3} + 5.877e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{HCOO}^{-}\) | \(Formate + .25 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .25 \ \text{H}^{+} = .75 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .25 \ \text{CH}_{4} (aq)\) | 6.7784 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 7.453 - .02885T + .0001009T^{2} \\ & - 2.188e - 7T^{3} + 2.283e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) | |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(Lactate + 3 \ \text{O}_{2} (aq) = 2 \ \text{H}^{+} + 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) | 227.3625 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 248.7 - .9141T + .002658T^{2} \\ & - 5.509e - 6T^{3} + 5.093e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + .4 \ \text{H}^{+} + 2.4 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 1.2 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 1.2 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq)\) | 218.0753 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 238 - .8606T + .00283T^{2} \\ & - 6.318e - 6T^{3} + 6.414e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + 6 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 2 \ \text{H}^{+} + 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 6 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | 135.4833 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 147.6 - .5174T + .00144T^{2} \\ & - 3.018e - 6T^{3} + 3.101e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + 2 \ \text{H}^{+} + 4 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-} = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 2 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq) + 2 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 273.1367 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 298.3 - 1.089T + .003757T^{2} \\ & - 8.519e - 6T^{3} + 8.622e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + \text{H}^{+} + 3 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 1.5 \ \text{N}_{2}\text{O} (aq) + 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 1.5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 192.7605 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 210.2 - .7483T + .002217T^{2} \\ & - 4.403e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{2}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + 6 \ \text{NO}_{2}^{-} + 4 \ \text{H}^{+} = 3 \ \text{N}_{2}\text{O} (aq) + 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 3 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 250.0377 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 272.7 - .9734T + .002858T^{2} \\ & - 5.294e - 6T^{3} + 0T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + H^{+} + 1.5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 1.5 \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 1.5 \ \text{NH}_{4}^{+}\) | 147.9636 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 161.4 - .5763T + .001756T^{2} \\ & - 3.608e - 6T^{3} + 3.294e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s)\) | \(Lactate + 22 \ \text{H}^{+} + 12 \ \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 30 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 12 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 184.1769 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 202.4 - .7852T + .002559T^{2} \\ & - 4.625e - 6T^{3} + 2.303e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{FeOOH} (s)\) | \(Lactate + 22 \ \text{H}^{+} + 12 \ Goethite = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 18 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 12 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 131.5077 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 146.2 - .6302T + .001953T^{2} \\ & - 3.224e - 6T^{3} + 8.785e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe}_{2} \text{O}_{3} (s)\) | \(Lactate + 22 \ \text{H}^{+} + 6 \ Hematite = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 12 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 12 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 125.7687 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 140.9 - .6473T + .001899T^{2} \\ & - 3.008e - 6T^{3} + 6.349e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) | \(Lactate + H^{+} + 1.5 \ \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} = 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 1.5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq)\) | 30.271 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 31.97 - .07238T + .0004456T^{2} \\ & - 1.282e - 6T^{3} + 1.592e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(Lactate = .5 \ \text{H}^{+} + 1.5 \ \text{CH}_{3}\text{COO}^{-}\) | 7.2384 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 7.904 - .02817T + 6.867e \\ & - 5T^{2} - 1.268e - 7T^{3} + 7.351e - 11T^{4} \end{align*}\) | |
| \(\text{CH}_{3} \text{CH(OH)} \\ \text{COO}^{-}\) | \(Lactate + 6 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} = 2 \ \text{H}^{+} + 3 \ \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 6 \ \text{H}_{2} (aq)\) | -49.3149 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & -54.26 + .217T - .0007258T^{2} \\ & + 1.653e - 6T^{3} - 1.5673 - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) | |
| \(\text{Fe}^{2+}\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(\text{Fe}^{2+} + 2.5 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .25 \ \text{O}_{2} (aq) = \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) + 2 \ \text{H}^{+}\) | 3.5988 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 3.862 - .01074T + 8.202e - 6T^{2} \\ & - 7.366e - 8T^{3} + 2.325e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{Fe}^{2+}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe}^{2+} + 2.4 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .2 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) + 1.8 \ \text{H}^{+} + .1 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq)\) | 2.8249 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 2.971 - .00629T + 2.26e - 5T^{2} \\ & - 1.411e - 7T^{3} + 3.426e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{Fe}^{2+}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{Fe}^{2+} + 2.625 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + .125 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) + 1.75 \ \text{H}^{+} + .125 \ \text{NH}_{4}^{+}\) | -3.0178 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & -3.413 + .0174T - 6.691e - 5T^{2} \\ & + 8.473e - 8T^{3} + 8.257e - 11T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \text{S}\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(\text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + 2 \ \text{O}_{2} (aq) = 2 \ \text{H}^{+} + \text{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) | 131.3943 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 144.5 - .5611T + .001475T^{2} \\ & - 2.818e - 6T^{3} + 2.334e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \text{S}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + 1.6 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = .4 \ \text{H}^{+} + \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} + .8 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq) + .8 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 125.2029 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 137.4 - .5255T + .00159T^{2} \\ & - 3.357e - 6T^{3} + 3.214e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \text{S}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} + \text{NH}_{4}^{+}\) | 78.4617 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 86.29 - .3359Tš + .0008738T^{2} \\ & - 1.551e - 6T^{3} + 1.134e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \text{S}\) | \(\text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + 14 \ \text{H}^{+} + 8 \ \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) = \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} + 20 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 102.6039 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 113.6 - .4752T + .001409T^{2} \\ & - 2.228e - 6T^{3} + 4.739e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \text{S}\) | \(\text{FeOOH} (s)\) | \(\text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + 14 \ \text{H}^{+} + 8 \ Goethite = \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} + 12 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 67.4911 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 76.12 - .3719T + .001005T^{2} \\ & - 1.294e - 6T^{3} - 4.759e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{H}_{2} \text{S}\) | \(\text{Fe}_{2} \text{O}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + 14 \ \text{H}^{+} + 4 \ Goethite = \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} + 8 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 63.6651 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 72.6 - .3833T + .0009687T^{2} \\ & - 1.151e - 6T^{3} - 6.383e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{4}\) | \(\text{O}_{2}\) | \(\text{CH}_{4} (aq) + 2 \ \text{O}_{2} (aq) = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{H}^{+} + \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 144.108 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 157.9 - .592T + .001766T^{2} \\ & - 3.856e - 6T^{3} + 3.772e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{4}\) | \(\text{NO}_{3}^{-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{4} (aq) + .6 \ \text{H}^{+} + 1.6 \ \text{NO}_{3}^{-} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + .8 \ \text{N}_{2} (aq) + 1.8 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 137.9166 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 150.8 - .5563T + .001881T^{2} \\ & - 4.395e - 6T^{3} + 4.652e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{4}\) | \(\text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{CH}_{4} (aq) + 15 \ \text{H}^{+} + 8 \ \text{Fe(OH)}_{3} (s) = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 21 \ \text{H}_{2} \text{O} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 115.3176 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 127 - .506T + .0017T^{2} \\ & - 3.266e - 6T^{3} + 1.912e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{4}\) | \(\text{FeOOH} (s)\) | \(\text{CH}_{4} (aq) + 15 \ \text{H}^{+} + 8 \ Goethite = 13 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 80.2048 | Not available |
| \(\text{CH}_{4}\) | \(\text{Fe}_{2} \text{O}_{3} (s)\) | \(\text{CH}_{4} (aq) + 15 \ \text{H}^{+} + 4 \ Hematite = 9 \ \text{H}_{2}\text{O} + \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + 8 \ \text{Fe}^{2+}\) | 76.3788 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 85.99 - .4141T + .00126T^{2} \\ & - 2.188e - 6T^{3} + 7.993e - 10T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
| \(\text{CH}_{4}\) | \(\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) | \(\text{CH}_{4} (aq) + \text{H}^{+} + \text{SO}_{4}^{2-} = \text{HCO}_{3}^{-} + \text{H}_{2}\text{S} (aq) + \text{H}_{2}\text{O}\) | 12.7137 | \(\begin{align*} \log K = \ & 13.39 - .03084T + .0002911T^{2} \\ & - 1.038e - 6T^{3} + 1.438e - 9T^{4} \end{align*}\) |
*Most of the thermodynamic data were acquired from datasets available in The Geochemist's Workbench (GWB) software.
**The GWB program Rxn was used to obtain polynomial functions that can be used to estimate \(\log K\) at various temperatures.