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Glossary

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May 8, 2022
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Example and Directions
Words (or words that have the same definition)	The definition is case sensitive	(Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pages]	(Optional) Caption for Image	(Optional) External or Internal Link	(Optional) Source for Definition
(Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...")	(Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity")		The infamous double helix	bio.libretexts.org/	CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen

Glossary Entries
Word(s)	Definition	Source
Anaplerotic reactions	Chemical reactions that form intermediates of a metabolic pathway.
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase	Pyruvate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of pyruvate and a lipoamide to give the acetylated dihydrolipoamide and carbon dioxide. The conversion requires the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate.	Wikipedia
Krebs cycle	The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions.	Wikipedia
TCA cycle	The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions.	Wikipedia
citric acid cycle	The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions.	Wikipedia
glyoxylate Shunt	The glyoxylate shunt is a two-step metabolic pathway (via isocitrate lyase, aceA and malate synthase, glcB) as an alternative to the citric acid cycle.
GABA	Gamma-Aminobutyric acid is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.	Wikipedia
GABA shunt	The GABA shunt a closed loop that is involved in the production and conservation of the pool of GABA.
fluorescence	The emission of light (or other electromagnetic radiation) by a material when stimulated by the absorption of radiation or of a subatomic particle	boundless
hybridize	To combine complementary subunits of multiple biological macromolecules.	boundless
FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization	Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a cytogenetic technique used to detect and localize the specific DNA or RNA sequences.	boundless

Anaplerotic reactions | Chemical reactions that form intermediates of a metabolic pathway.

citric acid cycle | The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions. [Wikipedia]

FISH | Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a cytogenetic technique used to detect and localize the specific DNA or RNA sequences. [boundless]

fluorescence | The emission of light (or other electromagnetic radiation) by a material when stimulated by the absorption of radiation or of a subatomic particle [boundless]

GABA | Gamma-Aminobutyric acid is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. [Wikipedia]

GABA shunt | The GABA shunt a closed loop that is involved in the production and conservation of the pool of GABA.

glyoxylate Shunt | The glyoxylate shunt is a two-step metabolic pathway (via isocitrate lyase, aceA and malate synthase, glcB) as an alternative to the citric acid cycle.

hybridize | To combine complementary subunits of multiple biological macromolecules. [boundless]

Krebs cycle | The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions. [Wikipedia]

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase | Pyruvate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of pyruvate and a lipoamide to give the acetylated dihydrolipoamide and carbon dioxide. The conversion requires the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate. [Wikipedia]

TCA cycle | The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions. [Wikipedia]

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