5.7.9: Review Questions
- Page ID
- 98187
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Which of the following is not a feature common to most animals?
- development into a fixed body plan
- asexual reproduction
- specialized tissues
- heterotrophic nutrient sourcing
During embryonic development, unique cell layers develop into specific groups of tissues or organs during a stage called ________.
- the blastula stage
- the germ layer stage
- the gastrula stage
- the organogenesis stage
Which of the following phenotypes would most likely be the result of a Hox gene mutation?
- abnormal body length or height
- two different eye colors
- the contraction of a genetic illness
- two fewer appendages than normal
Which of the following organisms is most likely to be a diploblast?
- sea star
- shrimp
- jellyfish
- insect
Which of the following is not possible?
- radially symmetrical diploblast
- diploblastic eucoelomate
- protostomic coelomate
- bilaterally symmetrical deuterostome
An animal whose development is marked by radial cleavage and enterocoely is ________.
- a deuterostome
- an annelid or mollusk
- either an acoelomate or eucoelomate
- none of the above
Consulting the modern phylogenetic tree of animals, which of the following would not constitute a clade?
- deuterostomes
- lophotrochozoans
- Parazoa
- Bilateria
Which of the following is thought to be the most closely related to the common animal ancestor?
- fungal cells
- protist cells
- plant cells
- bacterial cells
As with the emergence of the Acoelomorpha phylum, it is common for ____ data to misplace animals in close relation to other species, whereas ____ data often reveals a different and more accurate evolutionary relationship.
- molecular : morphological
- molecular : fossil record
- fossil record : morphological
- morphological : molecular
Which of the following periods is the earliest during which animals may have appeared?
- Ordovician period
- Cambrian period
- Ediacaran period
- Cryogenian period
What type of data is primarily used to determine the existence and appearance of early animal species?
- molecular data
- fossil data
- morphological data
- embryological development data
The time between 542–488 million years ago marks which period?
- Cambrian period
- Silurian period
- Ediacaran period
- Devonian period
Until recent discoveries suggested otherwise, animals existing before the Cambrian period were believed to be:
- small and ocean-dwelling
- small and nonmotile
- small and soft-bodied
- small and radially symmetrical or asymmetrical
Plant life first appeared on land during which of the following periods?
- Cambrian period
- Ordovician period
- Silurian period
- Devonian period
Approximately how many mass extinction events occurred throughout the evolutionary history of animals?
- 3
- 4
- 5
- more than 5