5.5: MODELS- Bones

Last updated
Save as PDF

Page ID: 59388

\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

Lab List Skull

Easy difficulty

Medium difficulty

Hard difficulty

Bones:

Identify from external views:
Parietal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Temporal,
Occipital, Frontal
Vomer, Inferior nasal concha, Nasal, Maxilla, Mandible, Palatine, Zygomatic, Lacrimal

Bones:

identify bones than can be seen from the internal view (occipital, temporal, ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal)
identify disarticulated skull bones
(sphenoid and ethmoid)

Bones :

Landmarks:

Mastoid Process, Mandibular Fossa,
Sphenoid: Greater & lesser wings
Sutures: sagittal, coronal, squamous, lambdoid.

•Landmarks:

Cranium: Glabella. Occipital condyles. Styloid process.
Face: Alveolar processes of maxilla & mandible. lacrimal fossa
Understand the difference between the zygomatic bone, zygomatic arch & zygomatic process (of the temporal bone).
Temporal process of zygomatic bone
Sphenoid: sella turcica, pterygoid plates.
Mandible: ramus, condyle, body, coronoid process.

Landmarks:

Sinuses: frontal, sphenoid, maxillary.
Petrous & squamous part of temporal bone
Palatine process of maxilla
orbital margins
Sphenoid: Hypophyseal fossa
Ethmoid: lateral masses, superior & middle nasal conchae, crista galli, perpendicular plate, cribiform plates.

Foramen

Foramen magnum
External acoustic meatus

Foramen:

mental, optic canal, superior orbital notch/foramen, infraorbital , olfactory foramina, carotid canal, jugular, ovale, lacerum, spinosum.

Foramen:

stylomastoid, internal acoustic meatus, rotundum, hypoglossal, condylar canal, incisive, greater palatine.

Areas:

Cranium (mnemonic: Pest of 6)
Face (mnemonic: Virgil cannot make
my pet zebra laugh)

Areas:

Cranial fossa: anterior, middle, posterior.

Lab List Spine / Axial Skeleton

Bones:

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar vertebrae
Atlas & axis
Sacrum & coccyx
Sternum
Hyoid

Bones:

Identify disarticulated vertebrae as
atlas/axis/cervical/thoracic or lumbar

Vertebrae landmarks:

Body

Transverse process, spinous process
Transverse foramen, Intervertebra
foramenl, Vertebral foramen,
Superior & inferior articular processes

Vertebrae landmarks:

Costal facets
Costal demifacets: inferior & superior.

Dens of axis

Vertebrae landmarks:

Pedicles, Arch, Lamina, Superior & inferior notch

Sternum landmarks

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

Sternum landmarks

Jugular notch, sternal angle.

Sacrum landmarks

Sacral foramen, Ala, Body, Auricular surface

Misc:

Identify true/false/floating ribs on articulated spine.
Know number of ribs.
List 1 identifying characteristic of the 3 different types of vertebrae

Misc:

Spinal curves: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral