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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Manchester_Community_College_(MCC)/BIOL_106%3A_Essentials_of_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Anzalone)/03%3A_Cell_Structure_and_Function/3.06%3A_Cell_OrganellesAn organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job. Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endo...An organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job. Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, and vacuoles.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/North_Central_State_College/BIOL_1550%3A_Microbiology_(2025)/04%3A_The_Prokaryotic_Cell_-_Bacteria/4.03%3A_Unique_Characteristics_of_Prokaryotic_CellsProkaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that their genetic material is contained in a nucleoid rather than a membrane-bound nucleus. In addition, prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bo...Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that their genetic material is contained in a nucleoid rather than a membrane-bound nucleus. In addition, prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells of the same species typically share a similar cell morphology and cellular arrangement. Most prokaryotic cells have a cell wall that helps the organism maintain cellular morphology and protects it against changes in osmotic pressure.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/05%3A_Cells/5.06%3A_Cell_OrganellesAn organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job. Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endo...An organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job. Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, and vacuoles.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Northwest_University/MKBN211%3A_Introductory_Microbiology_(Bezuidenhout)/03%3A_Cell_Structure_of_Bacteria_Archaea_and_Eukaryotes/3.06%3A_Specialized_Internal_Structures_of_Prokaryotes/3.6.01%3A_RibosomesThe purpose of the ribosome is to translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins with the aid of tRNA.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/03%3A_The_Cellular_Basis_of_LifeThis page offers a detailed overview of cell structures and functions, comparing animal and plant cells. It covers key components such as the plasma membrane, nucleus, and organelles involved in prote...This page offers a detailed overview of cell structures and functions, comparing animal and plant cells. It covers key components such as the plasma membrane, nucleus, and organelles involved in protein synthesis, as well as the cytoskeleton and various tissue types. The text also addresses cell junctions, apoptosis, chloroplasts, types of chlorophyll, and cellular transport mechanisms like diffusion, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/03%3A_The_Cellular_Basis_of_Life/3.05%3A_Endoplasmic_ReticulumThis page discusses the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a membrane-bound structure essential for producing cell membranes, lipids, and proteins. It features two types: rough ER (RER), which is involved in...This page discusses the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a membrane-bound structure essential for producing cell membranes, lipids, and proteins. It features two types: rough ER (RER), which is involved in protein synthesis due to its ribosome presence, and smooth ER (SER), which specializes in lipid production and protein transport to the Golgi apparatus. SER is particularly significant in specific cells, such as those in the adrenal glands and liver.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/09%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression/9.06%3A_Visualization_of_Transcription_and_Translation_in_BacteriaThis page describes an electron micrograph illustrating simultaneous transcription and translation in E. coli, highlighting polysomes formed by mRNA and ribosomes on the chromosome. It explains that R...This page describes an electron micrograph illustrating simultaneous transcription and translation in E. coli, highlighting polysomes formed by mRNA and ribosomes on the chromosome. It explains that RNA polymerase is responsible for transcription, while ribosomes carry out translation. This simultaneous coordination in bacteria contrasts with eukaryotes, where these processes occur separately in the nucleus and cytosol.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/PGCC_Microbiology/03%3A_Cell_Structure_and_Function/3.09%3A_Eukaryote_OrganellesAn organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job. Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endo...An organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that is enclosed within a membrane and performs a specific job. Organelles in animal cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, and vacuoles.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Mansfield_University_of_Pennsylvania/BSC_3271%3A_Microbiology_for_Health_Sciences_Sp21_(Kagle)/02%3A_Microbial_Structure/2.03%3A_Unique_Characteristics_of_Prokaryotic_CellsProkaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that their genetic material is contained in a nucleoid rather than a membrane-bound nucleus. In addition, prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bo...Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that their genetic material is contained in a nucleoid rather than a membrane-bound nucleus. In addition, prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells of the same species typically share a similar cell morphology and cellular arrangement. Most prokaryotic cells have a cell wall that helps the organism maintain cellular morphology and protects it against changes in osmotic pressure.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/03%3A_The_Cell/3.03%3A_Unique_Characteristics_of_Prokaryotic_CellsProkaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that their genetic material is contained in a nucleoid rather than a membrane-bound nucleus. In addition, prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bo...Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that their genetic material is contained in a nucleoid rather than a membrane-bound nucleus. In addition, prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells of the same species typically share a similar cell morphology and cellular arrangement. Most prokaryotic cells have a cell wall that helps the organism maintain cellular morphology and protects it against changes in osmotic pressure.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/06%3A_Gene_Expression/6.02%3A_The_Transcription_of_DNA_into_RNAThis page outlines the central dogma of molecular biology, detailing DNA transcription to RNA and subsequent translation to proteins. It describes the roles of various RNA types, including mRNA for po...This page outlines the central dogma of molecular biology, detailing DNA transcription to RNA and subsequent translation to proteins. It describes the roles of various RNA types, including mRNA for polypeptides and non-coding RNAs for regulation. Different RNA polymerases perform transcription, while pre-mRNA processing converts it into mature mRNA through intron removal and addition of a 5' cap and poly(A) tail.
