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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/02%3A_Unit_II-_Bioenergetics_and_Metabolism/20%3A_Photosynthesis_and_Carbohydrate_Synthesis_in_Plants/20.06%3A_Biosynthesis_of_Starch_Sucrose_and_CelluloseThis page provides in-depth information on carbohydrate biosynthesis in plants, focusing on sucrose, starch, and cellulose. It describes the roles of these carbohydrates, their biosynthetic pathways, ...This page provides in-depth information on carbohydrate biosynthesis in plants, focusing on sucrose, starch, and cellulose. It describes the roles of these carbohydrates, their biosynthetic pathways, and the involved enzymes, particularly glycosyltransferases. The regulation of sucrose biosynthesis, mechanisms of glycosyltransferases, and structure-function relationships of enzymes like sucrose synthase and starch synthase are discussed.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.01%3A_Plant_Anatomy/16.1.04%3A_The_LeafThis page describes the leaf structure, highlighting its layers: the upper epidermis, which reduces water loss, and the palisade layer for photosynthesis; the spongy layer for sugar storage and gas ex...This page describes the leaf structure, highlighting its layers: the upper epidermis, which reduces water loss, and the palisade layer for photosynthesis; the spongy layer for sugar storage and gas exchange; and the lower epidermis with stomata regulated by guard cells. It also outlines the role of leaf veins, which contain xylem and phloem for water and nutrient supply, and the protective sclerenchyma cells around them, facilitating photosynthesis and food transport.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.01%3A_Plant_Anatomy/16.1.05%3A_Arabidopsis_ThalianaThis page discusses Arabidopsis, a model organism in plant biology valued for its small genome, rapid development, and genetic manipulability. Though often seen as a weed, it has been crucial for unde...This page discusses Arabidopsis, a model organism in plant biology valued for its small genome, rapid development, and genetic manipulability. Though often seen as a weed, it has been crucial for understanding plant development and genetics through methods like cross-pollination and mutations, leading to significant discoveries in plant functions.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/19%3A_The_Diversity_of_Life/19.01%3A_Eukaryotic_Life/19.1.06%3A_Arabidopsis_Thaliana_-_A_Model_OrganismThis page discusses Arabidopsis thaliana, a key model organism in plant biology, similar to Drosophila in animal studies. It features a compact genome, rapid development, and is easily manipulated gen...This page discusses Arabidopsis thaliana, a key model organism in plant biology, similar to Drosophila in animal studies. It features a compact genome, rapid development, and is easily manipulated genetically. With abundant seed production and the ability for cross-pollination, it greatly aids genetic research. Its unique traits, including mutations for self-pollination, enhance its value for studying plant development and genetics.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.03%3A_Reproduction_in_Plants/16.3B%3A_Moss_Life_CycleThis page discusses the Division Bryophyta, which includes mosses and liverworts. These non-vascular plants, totaling around 23,000 species, thrive in moist environments. Mosses exhibit erect structur...This page discusses the Division Bryophyta, which includes mosses and liverworts. These non-vascular plants, totaling around 23,000 species, thrive in moist environments. Mosses exhibit erect structures with spirally arranged leaves, while liverworts have flat bodies. Their life cycle features alternation of generations, encompassing gametophyte for sexual reproduction and sporophyte for spore dispersal.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.02%3A_Plant_Physiology/16.2D%3A_Gas_Exchange_in_PlantsThis page discusses how green plants perform gas exchange without specialized organs. Gas exchange occurs throughout the plant due to low respiration rates and short diffusion distances. Stomata, cont...This page discusses how green plants perform gas exchange without specialized organs. Gas exchange occurs throughout the plant due to low respiration rates and short diffusion distances. Stomata, controlled by guard cells, regulate this process, with potassium uptake opening and abscisic acid closing them in response to water scarcity. Stomatal density adapts to environmental conditions, affecting CO2 levels, while roots and woody stems use lenticels for gas exchange in impermeable structures.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.04%3A_Plant_Development_-_Fundamentals/16.4C%3A_EtiolationThis page explains the process of etiolation in plants, where they elongate stems in darkness to reach light. Upon light exposure, they develop leaves and turn green. Phytochrome B plays a key role by...This page explains the process of etiolation in plants, where they elongate stems in darkness to reach light. Upon light exposure, they develop leaves and turn green. Phytochrome B plays a key role by inhibiting growth-promoting factors in light, while gibberellins enhance elongation by degrading certain proteins. Additionally, the shade-avoidance response enables plants to grow towards light by activating auxin production when far-red light is detected.
