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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology/08%3A_Microbial_Metabolism/8.06%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesEnergy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon...Energy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur—take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath earth’s surface
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/03%3A_Chapter_3/26%3A_Ecosystems/26.03%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesThe hydrosphere is the area of the Earth where water movement and storage occurs: as liquid water on the surface and beneath the surface or frozen (rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater, polar ice caps, ...The hydrosphere is the area of the Earth where water movement and storage occurs: as liquid water on the surface and beneath the surface or frozen (rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater, polar ice caps, and glaciers), and as water vapor in the atmosphere. Atmospheric sulfur is found in the form of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and enters the atmosphere in three ways: from the decomposition of organic molecules, from volcanic activity and geothermal vents, and from the burning of fossil fuels by humans.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/02%3A_Unit_II-_Bioenergetics_and_Metabolism/18%3A_Nitrogen_-_Amino_Acid_Catabolism/18.01%3A_The_Biochemistry_of_Nitrogen_in_the_BiosphereThe document explores the nitrogen cycle from a biochemical perspective, covering key reactions such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification. It discusses the challeng...The document explores the nitrogen cycle from a biochemical perspective, covering key reactions such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification. It discusses the challenges and impacts of industrial nitrogen fixation through the Haber-Bosch process, thermodynamic and kinetic considerations, and the role of microorganisms in these transformations.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/17%3A_Ecology/17.02%3A_Cycles_of_Matter_in_the_Biosphere/17.2B%3A_Nitrogen_CycleThis page explains the nitrogen cycle, highlighting the essential role of nitrogen for life. It describes processes such as nitrogen fixation (by bacteria, archaea, and industrial methods), decay (con...This page explains the nitrogen cycle, highlighting the essential role of nitrogen for life. It describes processes such as nitrogen fixation (by bacteria, archaea, and industrial methods), decay (converting organic nitrogen to ammonia), nitrification (ammonia to nitrates), and denitrification (returning nitrogen to the atmosphere), all driven by microorganisms. It also notes that agricultural practices influence these cycles, sometimes causing ecological problems like eutrophication.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Clinton_College/BIO_403%3A_Microbiology_(Neely)/04%3A_Microbial_Growth_and_Metabolism/4.04%3A_Microbial_Metabolism/4.4.07%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesEnergy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon...Energy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur—take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath earth’s surface.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/08%3A_Microbial_Metabolism/8.07%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesEnergy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon...Energy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur—take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath earth’s surface.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_OER_-_Ying_Liu/09%3A_Microbial_Metabolism_I/9.07%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesEnergy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon...Energy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur—take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath earth’s surface.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Norco_College/BIO_5%3A_General_Botany_(Friedrich_Finnern)/10%3A_Nutrition_and_Soils/10.04%3A_Nutrient_CyclesNutrient cycles describe how elements used by organisms move among the air, water, soil, rocks, and the organisms themselves. The carbon cycle involves photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Most of...Nutrient cycles describe how elements used by organisms move among the air, water, soil, rocks, and the organisms themselves. The carbon cycle involves photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Most of the nitrogen on Earth is in the form of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, and plants rely on nitrogen-fixing bacteria to convert usable forms. In the phosphorus cycle, phosphates enter the soil and water through weathering of rocks. Much phosphate is trapped in ocean sediments.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/North_Central_State_College/BIOL_1550%3A_Microbiology_(2025)/10%3A_Microbial_Metabolism_II/10.05%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesEnergy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon...Energy flows directionally through ecosystems, entering as sunlight for phototrophs or as inorganic molecules for chemoautotrophs. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur—take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath earth’s surface.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Botany_(Ha_Morrow_and_Algiers)/04%3A_Plant_Physiology_and_Regulation/4.03%3A_Nutrition_and_Soils/4.3.03%3A_Nutrient_CyclesNutrient cycles describe how elements used by organisms move among the air, water, soil, rocks, and the organisms themselves. The carbon cycle involves photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Most of...Nutrient cycles describe how elements used by organisms move among the air, water, soil, rocks, and the organisms themselves. The carbon cycle involves photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Most of the nitrogen on Earth is in the form of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, and plants rely on nitrogen-fixing bacteria to convert usable forms. In the phosphorus cycle, phosphates enter the soil and water through weathering of rocks. Much phosphate is trapped in ocean sediments.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Butte_College/BC%3A_BIOL_2_-_Introduction_to_Human_Biology_(Grewal)/Text/24%3A_Ecology/24.06%3A_Cycles_of_MatterThe water and chemical elements that organisms need continuously cycle through ecosystems, passing repeatedly through their biotic and abiotic components. These cycles are called biogeochemical cycle...The water and chemical elements that organisms need continuously cycle through ecosystems, passing repeatedly through their biotic and abiotic components. These cycles are called biogeochemical cycles because they are cycles of chemicals that include both organisms (bio) and abiotic components such as the ocean or rocks (geo). As matter moves through a biogeochemical cycle, it may be held for various periods of time in different components of the cycle.
