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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Reedley_College/Biology_for_Science_Majors_I/03%3A_Biological_Macromolecules/3.05%3A_ProteinsProteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or pr...Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective; they may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of proteins, each with a unique function. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/1%3A_The_Chemistry_of_Life/3%3A_Biological_Macromolecules/3.4%3A_ProteinsProteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or pr...Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective; they may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of proteins, each with a unique function. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Norco_College/OpenStax_Biology_2e_for_Norco_College/03%3A_Biological_Macromolecules/3.05%3A_ProteinsProteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or pr...Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective; they may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of proteins, each with a unique function. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/01%3A_Chapter_1/09%3A_How_cells_obtain_energy/9.03%3A_MetabolismThe reaction that harvests the energy of a sugar molecule in cells requiring oxygen to survive can be summarized by the reverse reaction to photosynthesis. A metabolic pathway is a series of chemical ...The reaction that harvests the energy of a sugar molecule in cells requiring oxygen to survive can be summarized by the reverse reaction to photosynthesis. A metabolic pathway is a series of chemical reactions that takes a starting molecule and modifies it, step-by-step, through a series of metabolic intermediates, eventually yielding a final product.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/11%3A_Genomics/11.09%3A_Genetic_Screening_for_PhenylketonuriaThis page discusses Phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder resulting from defective genes affecting phenylalanine hydroxylase, leading to harmful phenylalanine buildup. Early diagnosis through bloo...This page discusses Phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder resulting from defective genes affecting phenylalanine hydroxylase, leading to harmful phenylalanine buildup. Early diagnosis through blood tests is crucial, and genetic screening can assess parental transmission risk. Despite available treatments, testing can be complicated by false negatives. PKU is a recessive trait, but the phenylalanine tolerance test complicates its dominance classification.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Skyline_College/BIOL_130%3A_Human_Biology/02%3A_Chemistry_of_Life/2.10%3A_Chemical_Reactions_in_Living_ThingsWe stay alive because millions of different chemical reactions are taking place inside our bodies all the time.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Folsom_Lake_College/BIOL_310%3A_General_Biology_(Wada)/02%3A_Biological_Macromolecules/2.03%3A_Biological_MoleculesThere are four major classes of biological macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids), and each is an important component of the cell and performs a wide array of functions. C...There are four major classes of biological macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids), and each is an important component of the cell and performs a wide array of functions. Combined, these molecules make up the majority of a cell’s mass. Biological macromolecules are organic, meaning that they contain carbon (with some exceptions, like carbon dioxide).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Canada_College/Human_Biology_Biol_011_Textbook/03%3A_Chemistry_of_Life/3.10%3A_Chemical_Reactions_in_Living_ThingsWe stay alive because millions of different chemical reactions are taking place inside our bodies all the time.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Concepts_in_Biology_(OpenStax)/04%3A_How_Cells_Obtain_Energy/4.01%3A_Energy_and_MetabolismCells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down co...Cells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down complex chemicals into simpler ones and are associated with energy release. Anabolic processes build complex molecules out of simpler ones and require energy. In studying energy, the term system refers to the matter and environment involved in energy transfers.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Cosumnes_River_College/Contemporary_Biology_(Aptekar)/04%3A_Cell_Energy-_Cell_Metabolism_Enzymes_Respiration_Fermentation_and_Photosynthesis/4.01%3A_Energy_and_MetabolismCells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down co...Cells perform the functions of life through various chemical reactions. A cell’s metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that take place within it. Catabolic reactions break down complex chemicals into simpler ones and are associated with energy release. Anabolic processes build complex molecules out of simpler ones and require energy. In studying energy, the term system refers to the matter and environment involved in energy transfers.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Folsom_Lake_College/BIOL_310%3A_General_Biology_(Wada)/10%3A_Energy_and_Enzymes/10.02%3A_EnzymesFigure \PageIndex{4}: The induced-fit model is an adjustment to the lock-and-key model and explains how enzymes and substrates undergo dynamic modifications during the transition state to increase...Figure \PageIndex{4}: The induced-fit model is an adjustment to the lock-and-key model and explains how enzymes and substrates undergo dynamic modifications during the transition state to increase the affinity of the substrate for the active site.
