This page discusses urea as the main nitrogenous waste in mammals, derived from amino acid deamination and processed through the urea cycle in the liver. It highlights conditions like ornithine transc...This page discusses urea as the main nitrogenous waste in mammals, derived from amino acid deamination and processed through the urea cycle in the liver. It highlights conditions like ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, which can elevate ammonia levels. The page also mentions uric acid, stemming from nucleic acid metabolism, which can lead to gout and kidney stones but has antioxidant properties. Unlike most mammals, humans do not produce uricase, making them more susceptible to gout.
The document discusses the chemical modifications and mutations in DNA and RNA, explaining how these changes affect transcription, translation, and genetic stability. It explores post-translation modi...The document discusses the chemical modifications and mutations in DNA and RNA, explaining how these changes affect transcription, translation, and genetic stability. It explores post-translation modifications, epigenetic and epitranscriptomic phenomena, and consequences of mutations such as deamination and point mutations.
