This page explores the difference between correlation and causation, using smoking and lung cancer as a case study. It identifies criteria for establishing causation and cites John Snow's cholera maps...This page explores the difference between correlation and causation, using smoking and lung cancer as a case study. It identifies criteria for establishing causation and cites John Snow's cholera maps as an early epidemiological example. The text underscores the health impact of smoking and mentions environmental health risks reported in the media. To make informed decisions regarding health claims, the author recommends five criteria for evaluating such reports.