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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Map%3A_Raven_Biology_12th_Edition/50%3A_The_Immune_System/50.03%3A_Cell-Mediated_ImmunityThe adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory....The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. This part of the immune system is activated when the innate immune response is insufficient to control an infection.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Map%3A_Raven_Biology_12th_Edition/50%3A_The_Immune_System/50.02%3A_Adaptive_ImmunityThe adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory....The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. This part of the immune system is activated when the innate immune response is insufficient to control an infection.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/PGCC_Microbiology/06%3A_Immunology/6.03%3A_Adaptive_ImmunityThe adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory....The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. This part of the immune system is activated when the innate immune response is insufficient to control an infection.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/7%3A_Animal_Structure_and_Function/42%3A_The_Immune_System/42.2%3A_Adaptive_Immune_ResponseThe adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory....The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. This part of the immune system is activated when the innate immune response is insufficient to control an infection.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_2e_(OpenStax)/07%3A_Unit_VII-_Animal_Structure_and_Function/7.10%3A_The_Immune_System/7.10.03%3A_Adaptive_Immune_ResponseThe adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory....The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. This part of the immune system is activated when the innate immune response is insufficient to control an infection.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Folsom_Lake_College/BIOL_440%3A_General_Microbiology_(Panoutsopoulos)/06%3A_The_Immune_System_Nonspecific_and_Specific_Defenses/6.01%3A_The_Lymphatic_and_Immune_System/6.1.04%3A_The_Adaptive_Immune_Response_-_T_Lymphocytes_and_Their_Functional_TypesInnate immune responses (and early induced responses) are in many cases ineffective at completely controlling pathogen growth. However, they slow pathogen growth and allow time for the adaptive immune...Innate immune responses (and early induced responses) are in many cases ineffective at completely controlling pathogen growth. However, they slow pathogen growth and allow time for the adaptive immune response to strengthen and either control or eliminate the pathogen. The innate immune system also sends signals to the cells of the adaptive immune system, guiding them in how to attack the pathogen. Thus, these are the two important arms of the immune response.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.04%3A_Immune_System/15.4A%3A_Clonal_Selection_and_Immunological_MemoryThis page explains how the immune system responds to antigens through B and T lymphocytes, which have specific receptors. Clonal selection leads to the activation and proliferation of B cells into pla...This page explains how the immune system responds to antigens through B and T lymphocytes, which have specific receptors. Clonal selection leads to the activation and proliferation of B cells into plasma and memory cells in lymph nodes and spleen. It details the role of dendritic cells in presenting antigens and discusses graft rejection, highlighting the differences between primary and secondary immune responses, with memory cells facilitating faster reactions in subsequent exposures.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Clinton_College/BIO_403%3A_Microbiology_(Neely)/06%3A_The_Immune_System_Nonspecific_and_Specific_Defenses/6.01%3A_The_Lymphatic_and_Immune_System/6.1.04%3A_The_Adaptive_Immune_Response_-_T_Lymphocytes_and_Their_Functional_TypesInnate immune responses (and early induced responses) are in many cases ineffective at completely controlling pathogen growth. However, they slow pathogen growth and allow time for the adaptive immune...Innate immune responses (and early induced responses) are in many cases ineffective at completely controlling pathogen growth. However, they slow pathogen growth and allow time for the adaptive immune response to strengthen and either control or eliminate the pathogen. The innate immune system also sends signals to the cells of the adaptive immune system, guiding them in how to attack the pathogen. Thus, these are the two important arms of the immune response.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(Kaiser)/Unit_6%3A_Adaptive_Immunity/14%3A_Cell-Mediated_Immunity/14.1%3A_Cell-Mediated_Immunity_-_An_OverviewCell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of macrophages and NK-cells, the production of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes...Cell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of macrophages and NK-cells, the production of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen. Cell-mediated immunity is directed primarily microbes that survive in phagocytes and microbes that infect non-phagocytic cells. It is most effective in destroying virus-infected cells, intracellular bacteria, and cancers.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(Kaiser)/Unit_6%3A_Adaptive_Immunity/13%3A_Humoral_Immunity/13.1%3A_Antibodies_(Immunoglobulins)/13.1E%3A_Clonal_Selection_and_Clonal_ExpansionEach naïve B-cell becomes genetically programmed to make an antibody with a unique antigen-binding site (Fab) through a series of gene translocations, and molecules of that antibody are put on its sur...Each naïve B-cell becomes genetically programmed to make an antibody with a unique antigen-binding site (Fab) through a series of gene translocations, and molecules of that antibody are put on its surface to function as the B-cell receptor. When an antigen encounters the immune system, its epitopes eventually will react only with B-lymphocytes with B-cell receptors on their surface that more or less fit and this activates those B-lymphocytes. This process is known as clonal selection.
