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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/02%3A_Plant_Cells_and_Meristems/2.01%3A_Development_of_a_plantThe great variety of cell types in a plant can be divided into three broad tissue systems: the dermal, vascular and ground tissue systems. Lignified cells have red cell walls and cells with primary gr...The great variety of cell types in a plant can be divided into three broad tissue systems: the dermal, vascular and ground tissue systems. Lignified cells have red cell walls and cells with primary growth have blue/green cell walls. (Micrographs of Triticum leaf (BlueRidgeKitties (attributed, share alike), Trifolium stem and Ranunculus root (Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, public domain).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/00%3A_Front_Matter/01%3A_TitlePageBook: Plant Anatomy and Physiology (Bellairs)
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/10%3A_Index
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/03%3A_Stem_Leaf_and_Root_Anatomy
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/01%3A_Inside_a_Plant_Cell
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/03%3A_Stem_Leaf_and_Root_Anatomy/3.03%3A_RootsThe apical meristem and meristematic tissues developing from the apical meristem of the root. (Image Jen Dixon (CC attribute, share alike). The interior of the root is at the top and the casparian ban...The apical meristem and meristematic tissues developing from the apical meristem of the root. (Image Jen Dixon (CC attribute, share alike). The interior of the root is at the top and the casparian band is between the vascular tissue and the cortex. (Image by BlueRidgeKitties (CC attribute, share alike)). In the cortex water and solutes can move symplastically (through the living cells) or apoplastically (through the non-living cellulose cell walls and intercellular spaces.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/01%3A_Inside_a_Plant_Cell/1.03%3A_Cell_membraneDiffusion is the process of random movement of molecules towards a state of equilibrium; the net movement is always from the direction of greater concentration to lesser concentration and in complex s...Diffusion is the process of random movement of molecules towards a state of equilibrium; the net movement is always from the direction of greater concentration to lesser concentration and in complex solutions, each substance moves independently of the other. The sodium ions seek to equilibrate the concentration each side of the membrane but for the sodium ions to travel though the membrane, the protein carrier requires an amino acid be attached and pumped in the opposite direction.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/01%3A_Inside_a_Plant_Cell/1.04%3A_The_nucleusThe nucleus is the control centre of the cell and is often the largest organelle in the cell. It contains pores that allow rapid communication between the cytoplasm of the cell and the nucleoplasm. Nu...The nucleus is the control centre of the cell and is often the largest organelle in the cell. It contains pores that allow rapid communication between the cytoplasm of the cell and the nucleoplasm. Nucleoplasm is similar to the cytoplasm of the cell but contains more protein macromolecules and appears darker than the cytoplasm. Nucleus of a cell showing the nucleolus in the centre of the nucleus, and the nuclear membrane.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/02%3A_Plant_Cells_and_Meristems/2.04%3A_Dermal_tissues_and_featuresThe dermal tissue is largely composed of squat more or less cubic dermal cells, but it also contains specialist guard cells around the stomata, and various trichomes and root hairs. The cuticle is a l...The dermal tissue is largely composed of squat more or less cubic dermal cells, but it also contains specialist guard cells around the stomata, and various trichomes and root hairs. The cuticle is a layer of cutin and waxes external to and embedded in the cell wall on the exterior surface of the plant on stems and leaves. Cuticle (red stained) and the underlying square dermal cells on the upper surface of a mesophyte leaf. (Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, public domain).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/02%3A_Plant_Cells_and_Meristems/2.05%3A_Secondary_tissuesThe interior of the stem is the left and the exterior is to the right. (Background image, Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, public domain. Xylem vessel cells are large at the begin...The interior of the stem is the left and the exterior is to the right. (Background image, Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, public domain. Xylem vessel cells are large at the beginning of the growth season and become smaller at the end of the growth season. (Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, public domain).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Botany/Plant_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Bellairs)/02%3A_Plant_Cells_and_Meristems/2.03%3A_Vascular_tissues_and_cell_typesXylem vessel cells with annular lignification in Coleus (left), annular and (centre) and reticulate lignification in corn (right). (Images by Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library (publ...Xylem vessel cells with annular lignification in Coleus (left), annular and (centre) and reticulate lignification in corn (right). (Images by Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library (public domain); Sean Bellairs (CC: attribute, share alike); BlueRidgeKitties (CC attribute, share alike)). Diagram shows location of a narrow companion cell alongside a sieve cell and the sieve plate connecting two of the sieve cells (Sean Bellairs CC: attribute, share alike).
