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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_2%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.3%3A_SoilsSoil is the outer loose layer that covers the Earth's surface and is the foundation for agriculture and forestry. Soils consist of organic material, inorganic material, water and air, and they differ ...Soil is the outer loose layer that covers the Earth's surface and is the foundation for agriculture and forestry. Soils consist of organic material, inorganic material, water and air, and they differ in proportions of clay, silt, and sand. A soil profile is characterized by horizontal layers called horizons. Climate, organisms, topography, parent material, and time influence soil composition and formation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.04%3A__The_Nitrogen_CycleHuman activity can release nitrogen into the environment by two primary means: the combustion of fossil fuels, which releases different nitrogen oxides, and by the use of artificial fertilizers (which...Human activity can release nitrogen into the environment by two primary means: the combustion of fossil fuels, which releases different nitrogen oxides, and by the use of artificial fertilizers (which contain nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) in agriculture, which are then washed into lakes, streams, and rivers by surface runoff.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/21%3A_Landscape_Ecology_and_Island_Biogeography/21.03%3A_Applications_of_Landscape_EcologyLandscape ecology has also been combined with population genetics to form the field of landscape genetics, which addresses how landscape features influence the population structure and gene flow of pl...Landscape ecology has also been combined with population genetics to form the field of landscape genetics, which addresses how landscape features influence the population structure and gene flow of plant and animal populations across space and time [53] and on how the quality of intervening landscape, known as "matrix," influences spatial variation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.06%3A_Eutrophication_and_Dead_Zones.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/07%3A_Cell_Division/7.04%3A_PolyploidyThis page discusses polyploidy, the condition of having more than two sets of chromosomes, mainly observed in plants like wheat and sugar cane. It can occur naturally through errors in gamete formatio...This page discusses polyploidy, the condition of having more than two sets of chromosomes, mainly observed in plants like wheat and sugar cane. It can occur naturally through errors in gamete formation or be induced artificially. Polyploidy can lead to speciation, with hybrids often sterile while polyploid plants remain fertile. Although rare in animals, some instances, such as a tetraploid rat, have been recorded.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/17%3A_Ecology/17.02%3A_Cycles_of_Matter_in_the_Biosphere/17.2B%3A_Nitrogen_CycleThis page explains the nitrogen cycle, highlighting the essential role of nitrogen for life. It describes processes such as nitrogen fixation (by bacteria, archaea, and industrial methods), decay (con...This page explains the nitrogen cycle, highlighting the essential role of nitrogen for life. It describes processes such as nitrogen fixation (by bacteria, archaea, and industrial methods), decay (converting organic nitrogen to ammonia), nitrification (ammonia to nitrates), and denitrification (returning nitrogen to the atmosphere), all driven by microorganisms. It also notes that agricultural practices influence these cycles, sometimes causing ecological problems like eutrophication.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Evergreen_Valley_College/Introduction_to_Ecology_(Kappus)/11%3A_Landscape_Ecology_and_Island_Biogeography/11.03%3A_Applications_of_Landscape_EcologyLandscape ecology has also been combined with population genetics to form the field of landscape genetics, which addresses how landscape features influence the population structure and gene flow of pl...Landscape ecology has also been combined with population genetics to form the field of landscape genetics, which addresses how landscape features influence the population structure and gene flow of plant and animal populations across space and time [53] and on how the quality of intervening landscape, known as "matrix," influences spatial variation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/02%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.03%3A_SoilsSoil is the outer loose layer that covers the Earth's surface and is the foundation for agriculture and forestry. Soils consist of organic material, inorganic material, water and air, and they differ ...Soil is the outer loose layer that covers the Earth's surface and is the foundation for agriculture and forestry. Soils consist of organic material, inorganic material, water and air, and they differ in proportions of clay, silt, and sand. A soil profile is characterized by horizontal layers called horizons. Climate, organisms, topography, parent material, and time influence soil composition and formation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.3%3A_Eutrophication_and_Dead_Zones.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_21%3A_Landscape_Ecology_and_Island_Biogeography/21.2%3A_Applications_of_Landscape_EcologyThe challenge to landscape ecologists is to meld the ecology-centered spatial view with the society-centered holistic view to the benefit of understanding how spatial-temporal heterogeneity affects th...The challenge to landscape ecologists is to meld the ecology-centered spatial view with the society-centered holistic view to the benefit of understanding how spatial-temporal heterogeneity affects the resilience of the ecosystems of the earth on which all organisms depend.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.03%3A_Reproduction_in_Plants/16.3F%3A_Transgenic_PlantsThis page discusses advancements in recombinant DNA technology for plant genetic modification, highlighting methods like plasmid vectors and gene bombardment. Notable successes include nutritional enh...This page discusses advancements in recombinant DNA technology for plant genetic modification, highlighting methods like plasmid vectors and gene bombardment. Notable successes include nutritional enhancements, resistance to pests and herbicides, and developments like "terminator" genes. Transgenic plants are also being investigated for biopharmaceutical production. While there are ecological concerns, the adoption of genetically modified crops remains substantial, particularly in the U.S.
