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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/5%3A_Biological_Diversity/27%3A_Introduction_to_Animal_Diversity/27.3%3A_Animal_PhylogenyMolecular research similar to the discoveries that brought about the distinction of the lophotrochozoan clade has also revealed a dramatic rearrangement of the relationships between mollusks, annelids...Molecular research similar to the discoveries that brought about the distinction of the lophotrochozoan clade has also revealed a dramatic rearrangement of the relationships between mollusks, annelids, arthropods, and nematodes, and a new ecdysozoan clade was formed. The details of the modern phylogenetic tree change frequently as new data are gathered, and molecular data has recently contributed to many substantial modifications of the understanding of relationships between animal phyla.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Map%3A_Raven_Biology_12th_Edition/32%3A_Animal_Diversity_and_the_Evolution_of_Body_Plans/32.03%3A_Animal_Phylogeny/32.3.01%3A_Animal_PhylogenyMolecular research similar to the discoveries that brought about the distinction of the lophotrochozoan clade has also revealed a dramatic rearrangement of the relationships between mollusks, annelids...Molecular research similar to the discoveries that brought about the distinction of the lophotrochozoan clade has also revealed a dramatic rearrangement of the relationships between mollusks, annelids, arthropods, and nematodes, and a new ecdysozoan clade was formed. The details of the modern phylogenetic tree change frequently as new data are gathered, and molecular data has recently contributed to many substantial modifications of the understanding of relationships between animal phyla.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Biology_I_and_II/05%3A_Unit_V-_Biological_Diversity/5.06%3A_Introduction_to_Animal_Diversity/5.6.05%3A_Animal_PhylogenyMolecular research similar to the discoveries that brought about the distinction of the lophotrochozoan clade has also revealed a dramatic rearrangement of the relationships between mollusks, annelids...Molecular research similar to the discoveries that brought about the distinction of the lophotrochozoan clade has also revealed a dramatic rearrangement of the relationships between mollusks, annelids, arthropods, and nematodes, and a new ecdysozoan clade was formed. The details of the modern phylogenetic tree change frequently as new data are gathered, and molecular data has recently contributed to many substantial modifications of the understanding of relationships between animal phyla.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Thompson_Rivers_University/Principles_of_Biology_II_OL_ed/03%3A_Systematics_Phylogeny_and_Biological_Diversity/3.04%3A_Biological_Diversity/3.4.05%3A_Kingdom_Animalia_-_Evolution_and_PhylogenyAnimal evolution began in the ocean over 600 million years ago with tiny creatures that probably do not resemble any living organism today. Since then, animals have evolved into a diverse kingdom know...Animal evolution began in the ocean over 600 million years ago with tiny creatures that probably do not resemble any living organism today. Since then, animals have evolved into a diverse kingdom known as Animalia or Metazoa. Although over one million extant species of animals have been identified, scientists are continually discovering more species as they explore ecosystems around the world.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_2e_(OpenStax)/05%3A_Unit_V-_Biological_Diversity/5.07%3A_Introduction_to_Animal_Diversity/5.7.04%3A_Animal_PhylogenyThe presence of nerve and muscle cells in both the Ctenophores and the Cnidaria and their absence in the Porifera strengthened this view of the relationships among simple animal forms. These features ...The presence of nerve and muscle cells in both the Ctenophores and the Cnidaria and their absence in the Porifera strengthened this view of the relationships among simple animal forms. These features plus the absence of Hox genes from the Ctenophores have been used to argue that the Ctenophores should be considered basal or as a sister group of the Porifera, and that the evolution of specialized nerve and muscle tissue may have occurred more than once in the history of animal life.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Norco_College/OpenStax_Biology_2e_for_Norco_College/27%3A_Introduction_to_Animal_Diversity/27.04%3A_Animal_PhylogenyThe presence of nerve and muscle cells in both the Ctenophores and the Cnidaria and their absence in the Porifera strengthened this view of the relationships among simple animal forms. These features ...The presence of nerve and muscle cells in both the Ctenophores and the Cnidaria and their absence in the Porifera strengthened this view of the relationships among simple animal forms. These features plus the absence of Hox genes from the Ctenophores have been used to argue that the Ctenophores should be considered basal or as a sister group of the Porifera, and that the evolution of specialized nerve and muscle tissue may have occurred more than once in the history of animal life.
