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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/04%3A_Cell_Metabolism/4.08%3A_Photosynthesis_-_The_Role_of_LightThis page explains photosynthesis in autotrophs, highlighting two main processes: the removal of hydrogen from water and the reduction of carbon dioxide through the Calvin Cycle. It details how electr...This page explains photosynthesis in autotrophs, highlighting two main processes: the removal of hydrogen from water and the reduction of carbon dioxide through the Calvin Cycle. It details how electrons from water create NADPH and generate ATP via photophosphorylation. Chloroplasts house thylakoid membranes with Photosystems I and II for light absorption and electron transfer, facilitating ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/01%3A_Chapter_1/10%3A_Photosynthesis/10.04%3A_The_Light-Dependent_ReactionsIn the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma, the chemical energy derived from the light-dependent reactions drives both the capture of carbon in carbon dioxide molecules and the subsequent as...In the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma, the chemical energy derived from the light-dependent reactions drives both the capture of carbon in carbon dioxide molecules and the subsequent assembly of sugar molecules. The buildup of hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space forms an electrochemical gradient because of the difference in the concentration of protons (H + ) and the difference in the charge across the membrane that they create.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/02%3A_Unit_II-_Bioenergetics_and_Metabolism/20%3A_Photosynthesis_and_Carbohydrate_Synthesis_in_Plants/20.02%3A_The_Kok_Cycle_and_Oxygen_Evolving_Complex_of_Photosystem_IIThis page provides a comprehensive overview of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis, particularly focusing on the mechanisms and structures involved in Photosystem II and Photosystem I. It c...This page provides a comprehensive overview of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis, particularly focusing on the mechanisms and structures involved in Photosystem II and Photosystem I. It covers the Z scheme of electron flow, the role and structure of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC), and the Kok cycle for water oxidation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/Bio_11A_-_Introduction_to_Biology_I/14%3A_Photosynthesis_-_Light_Reactions/14.05%3A_The_Light-Dependent_ReactionsThe cytochrome complex, an enzyme composed of two protein complexes, transfers the electrons from the carrier molecule plastoquinone (Pq) to the protein plastocyanin (Pc), thus enabling both the trans...The cytochrome complex, an enzyme composed of two protein complexes, transfers the electrons from the carrier molecule plastoquinone (Pq) to the protein plastocyanin (Pc), thus enabling both the transfer of protons across the thylakoid membrane and the transfer of electrons from PSII to PSI.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/02%3A_Unit_II-_Bioenergetics_and_Metabolism/13%3A_Glycolysis_Gluconeogenesis_and_the_Pentose_Phosphate_Pathway/13.04%3A_Pentose_Phosphate_Pathway_of_Glucose_OxidationThis page provides detailed information about the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) for biochemistry students. It covers the pathway's importance in cellular metabolism, including its role in generating...This page provides detailed information about the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) for biochemistry students. It covers the pathway's importance in cellular metabolism, including its role in generating NADPH for reductive biosynthesis and antioxidant functions and producing ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis. The page explains the oxidative and non-oxidative branches, key enzymes, and reactions involved.
