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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Manchester_Community_College_(MCC)/BIOL_106%3A_Essentials_of_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Anzalone)/10%3A_The_Lymphatic_and_Immune_Systems/10.06%3A_Disorders_of_the_Immune_SystemAn allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust...An allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, mold, specific foods such as peanuts, insect stings, and certain medications such as aspirin. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body's own molecules as self and attacks them, causing damage to tissues and organs.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/21%3A_Disease/21.5%3A_HIV_and_AIDSAIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is a disease caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. HIV is a sexually transmitted virus that infects and destroys hel...AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is a disease caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. HIV is a sexually transmitted virus that infects and destroys helper T cells of the human immune system. AIDS eventually develops in most people with untreated HIV infections, usually several years after the initial infection with the virus. AIDS is diagnosed when the immune system has been weakened to the point that it can no longer fight off diseases.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/Principles_of_the_Human_Body/18%3A_Immune_System/20.6%3A_Disorders_of_the_Immune_SystemAn allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust...An allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, mold, specific foods such as peanuts, insect stings, and certain medications such as aspirin. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body's own molecules as self and attacks them, causing damage to tissues and organs.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/Unit_IV_-_Special_Topics/28%3A_Biosignaling_-_Capstone_Volume_I/28.14%3A_Programmed_Cell_DeathThe page provides an in-depth exploration of programmed cell death, focusing particularly on apoptosis, its mechanisms, and its significance in health and disease. It distinguishes apoptosis from othe...The page provides an in-depth exploration of programmed cell death, focusing particularly on apoptosis, its mechanisms, and its significance in health and disease. It distinguishes apoptosis from other cell death types such as autophagy and necroptosis, outlining apoptosis's intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, including involved proteins like caspases and Bcl-2 family.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Canada_College/Human_Biology_Biol_011_Textbook/17%3A_Immune_System/17.06%3A_Disorders_of_the_Immune_SystemAn allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust...An allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, mold, specific foods such as peanuts, insect stings, and certain medications such as aspirin. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body's own molecules as self and attacks them, causing damage to tissues and organs.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/11%3A_Genomics/11.11%3A_Antisense_Oligodeoxynucleotides_and_their_Therapeutic_PotentialThis page discusses antisense oligonucleotides, synthetic polymers designed to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to mRNA. They work by blocking ribosome function, degrading mRNA, or preventing spli...This page discusses antisense oligonucleotides, synthetic polymers designed to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to mRNA. They work by blocking ribosome function, degrading mRNA, or preventing splicing errors. Effective therapy requires evasion of nucleases and minimal side effects, often achieved through chemical modifications and targeted delivery.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.04%3A_Immune_System/15.4V%3A_AIDSThis page discusses AIDS as the advanced stage of HIV infection, characterized by significant immune system deterioration. It outlines the transmission methods, the progression of the disease through ...This page discusses AIDS as the advanced stage of HIV infection, characterized by significant immune system deterioration. It outlines the transmission methods, the progression of the disease through three phases, and the challenges of treatment with HAART, including cost and drug resistance. Additionally, it explores the origins of HIV-1 and HIV-2, emerging strains complicating vaccine development, and emphasizes the role of behavioral changes in prevention strategies.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.04%3A_Immune_System/15.4H%3A_T_Helper_cellsThis page provides detailed information on CD4+ helper T cells, emphasizing their roles, types (Th1, Th2, Tfh, Th17), and functions in the immune response. It highlights their support for various immu...This page provides detailed information on CD4+ helper T cells, emphasizing their roles, types (Th1, Th2, Tfh, Th17), and functions in the immune response. It highlights their support for various immune processes, including cytokine secretion and class switching in B cells. The differentiation pathways of these cells are influenced by cytokines and transcription factors.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/20%3A_Immune_System/20.6%3A_Disorders_of_the_Immune_SystemAn allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust...An allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, mold, specific foods such as peanuts, insect stings, and certain medications such as aspirin. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body's own molecules as self and attacks them, causing damage to tissues and organs.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/North_Central_State_College/BIOL_1550%3A_Microbiology_(2025)/07%3A_Viruses/7.03%3A_Viruses/7.3.06%3A_Animal_Virus_Life_Cycles/7.3.6C%3A_The_Life_Cycle_of_HIVDuring adsorption, an envelope glycoprotein on the surface of HIV called gp120 must adsorbs to both a CD4 molecule and then a chemokine receptor found on the surface of only certain types of certain h...During adsorption, an envelope glycoprotein on the surface of HIV called gp120 must adsorbs to both a CD4 molecule and then a chemokine receptor found on the surface of only certain types of certain human cells such as T4-lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Following adsorption, glycoprotein gp41 enabling the viral envelope to fuse with the host cell membrane, allowing the nucleocapsid of the virus enters the host cell's cytoplasm.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Butte_College/BC%3A_BIOL_2_-_Introduction_to_Human_Biology_(Grewal)/Text/20%3A_Immune_System/20.6%3A_Disorders_of_the_Immune_SystemAn allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust...An allergy is a disorder in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen. Any antigen that causes allergies is called an allergen. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, mold, specific foods such as peanuts, insect stings, and certain medications such as aspirin. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to recognize the body’s own molecules as self and attacks them, causing damage to tissues and organs.
