2.2: Illustrations Last updated Save as PDF Page ID50061 \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\) Figure 2.2.1 : Salinella salve, the most mysterious living thing discovered ever (slightly changed from the BIODIDAC original). Below, all black and white illustrations were provided by Georgij Vinogradov and Michail Boldumanu. Figure 2.2.2 : Monera: Bacteria. Left to right, top to bottom: Firmicutes: Bacillus sp.; Chlorobia: Chlorobium sp.; Cyanobacteria: Prochloron and Nostoc kihlmanii. Figure 2.2.3 : Protista: Excavata. Left to right, top to bottom: Jacobea: Jakoba libera; Parabasalea: Barbulanympha ufalula; Euglenophyceae: Euglena spirogyra; Kinetoplastea: Trypanosoma brucei; Heterolobosea: Acrasis rosea and Stephanopogon colpoda. Figure 2.2.4 : Protista: Panmycota I. Left to right, top to bottom: Archamoebae: Pelomyxa palustris; Microsporea: Theloliania sp. spore; Macromycerozoa: Polysphondylium pallidum; Choanomonadea: Codosiga botrytis; Chytridiomycetes: Polyphagus euglenae. Figure 2.2.5 : Protista: Panmycota II. Left to right, top to bottom: Zygomycetes: a Mucor sp., b Pilobolus sp.; Ascomycetes: Gyromitra esculenta (a fruiting body, b ascus) and lichenes: a Usnea sp., b Cladonia deformis; Basidiomycetes: Boletus edulis (a fruiting body, b basidia). Figure 2.2.6 : Protista: Panalgae: Chromobionta I. Left to right, top to bottom: Rhizopodea: Arcella vulgaris; Acantharia: Amphilonche elongata; Labyrinthulea: Labyrinthula coenocystis; Opalinea: Opalina ranarum; Oomycetes: Bremia sp. Figure 2.2.7 : Protista: Panalgae: Chromobionta II (Chromophyta). Left to right, top to bottom: Chrysophyceae: Ochromonas danica; Bacillariophyceae: Biddulphia aurita; Phaeophyceae: Fucus vesiculosus; Raphidophyceae: Gonyostomum semen. Figure 2.2.8 : Protista: Panalgae: Chromobionta III (Alveolata). Left to right, top to bottom: Coccidiomorpha: Plasmodium vivax (a in host tissues, b separate sporozoite); Oligohymenophorea: Tetrahymena pyriformis; Dinozoa: Phalacroma sp. Figure 2.2.9 : Protista: Panalgae: Hacrobia and Chlorophyta. Left to right, top to bottom: Centrohelea: Raphidiophrys capitata; Cryptophyceae: Cryptomonas ovata; Rhodophyta: Delesseria sp.; Charophyceae: Chara fragilis. Figure 2.2.10 : Vegetabilia I (Bryophyta). Left to right, top to bottom: Jungermanniopsida: Phyllothallia sp.; Sphagnopsida: Sphagnum sp.; Bryopsida: Rhodobryum roseum; Anthocerotopsida: Anthoceros laevis (a open sporogon, b general view). Figure 2.2.11 : Vegetabilia II (Pteridophyta). Left to right, top to bottom: Lycopodiopsida: Phylloglossum drummondii; Equisetopsida: Equisetum sylvaticum; Ophioglossopsida: Helminthostachys zeylanica; Marattiopsida: Angiopteris evecta; Pteridopsida: Regnellidium diphyllum. Figure 2.2.12 : Vegetabilia III (Spermatophyta). Left to right, top to bottom: Ginkgoopsida: Ginkgo biloba; Gnetopsida: Gnetum sp. (a branch with male fructiications, b leaf); Pinopsida: Podocarpus sp. (a general view, b brahcn with seeds); Angiospermae: Magnolia grandiflora (a flower, b fruit). Figure 2.2.13 : Animalia: Spongia and Ctenophora. Left to right, top to bottom: Archaeocyatha gen. sp.; Demospongia: Phakellia cribrosa; Ctenophora: Mertensia ovum. Figure 2.2.14 : Animalia: Cnidaria. Left to right, top to bottom: Hydrozoa: Halitholus yoldiaearcticae (a polyp stage, b medusa); Myxozoa: Sphaeromyxa sp.; Scyphozoa: Aurelia aurita (a polyp stage, b medusa); Anthozoa: Gersemia fruticosa. Figure 2.2.15 : Animalia: Deuterostomia I. Left to right, top to bottom: Crinoidea: Heliometra glacialis; Ophiuroidea: Stegophiura nodosa; Echinoidea: Diadema setosum; Holothuroidea: Chiridota laevis; Enteropneusta: Saccoglossus mereschkowski. Figure 2.2.16 : Animalia: Deuterostomia II. Left to right, top to bottom: Leptocardii: Branchiostoma lanceolatum; Ascidiae: Chelyosoma macleayanum; Salpae: Salpa maxima; Larvacea: Oikopleura vanhoeffeni. Figure 2.2.17 : Animalia: Deuterostomia III (Anamnia). Top to bottom: Cyclostomata: Myxine sp.; Chondrichtyes: Chymaera sp.; Osteichtyes: Perca fluviatilis; Dipnoi: Lepidosiren paradoxa; Amphibia: Hyla sp. Figure 2.2.18 : Animalia: Deuterostomia IV (Amniota). Left to right, top to bottom: Reptilia: Testudo elephantopus; Aves: Archaeopteryx lithographica; Aves: Strix aluco; Mammalia: Ornithorhynchus anatinus; Mammalia: Sus scrofa. Figure 2.2.19 : Animalia: Spiralia I. Left to right, top to bottom: Acanthocephala: Acanthocephalus lucii; Rotatoria: a Asplanchna sp., b Kellicottia longispina; Gastrotricha: Chaetonotus maximus; Dicyemea: Dicyema macrocephalum. Figure 2.2.20 : Animalia: Spiralia II (Platyhelminthes). Left to right, top to bottom: Rhabditophora: Macrorhynchus crocea; Monogenea: Polystoma integerrimum; Cestoda: Taenia solium; Trematoda: Fasciola hepatica. Figure 2.2.21 : Animalia: Spiralia III (Mollusca I). Left to right, top to bottom: Aplacophora: Chaetoderma nitidulum; Polyplacophora: Chiton sulcatus; Monoplacophora: Neopilina galatheae; Cephalopoda: Sepiola birostrata. Figure 2.2.22 : Animalia: Spiralia IV. Left to right, top to bottom: Gastropoda: Helix vulgaris; Scaphopoda: Antalis vulgaris; Bivalvia: Hiatella arctica; Brachiopoda: Spirifer sp. (fossil). Figure 2.2.23 : Animalia: Spiralia V. Left to right, top to bottom: Phoronida: Phoronis hippocrepia; Bryozoa: Plumatella fungosa; Entoprocta: Pedicellina nutans; Nemertea: Emplectonema sp. Figure 2.2.24 : Animalia: Spiralia VI. Left to right, top to bottom: Sipuncula: Golfingia margaritacea; Echiura: Bonellia viridis; Polychaeta: Pterosyllis finmarchica; Pogonophora: Choanophorus indicus; Clitellata: Stylaria lacustris; Hirudinea: Glossiphonia complanata. Figure 2.2.25 : Animalia: Chaetognatha and Ecdysozoa I. Left to right, top to bottom: Chaetognatha: Sagitta hexaptera; Priapulida: Priapulus caudatus; Kynorhyncha: Semnoderis armiger; Nematoda: Aphelenchoides composticola; Nematomorpha: Gordius aquaticus. Figure 2.2.26 : Animalia: Ecdysozoa II. Left to right, top to bottom: Onychophora: Peripatopsis capensis; Tardigrada: Macrobiotus sp.; Pantopoda: Nymphon brevirostre; Chelicerata: Galeodes araneoides. Figure 2.2.27 : Animalia: Ecdysozoa III (Myriapoda). Left to right, top to bottom: Chilopoda: Lithobius forficatus; Symphyla: Scutigerella immaculata; Pauropoda: Pauropus sylvaticus; Diplopoda: Polydesmus complanatus. Figure 2.2.28 : Animalia: Ecdysozoa IV (Pancrustacea I). Left to right, top to bottom: Branchiura: Argulus sp.; Pentastomida: Cephalobaena tetrapoda; Copepodoidea: Calanus sp.; Malacostraca: Squilla mantis. Figure 2.2.29 : Animalia: Ecdysozoa V (Pancrustacea II). Left to right, top to bottom: Phyllopoda: Limnadia lenticularis; Cephalocarida: Sandersiella acuminata; Archaeognatha: Machilis sp.; Hexapoda: Blatta orientalis. Figure 2.2.30 : Problematica and Viri. Left to right, top to bottom: Hyolitha gen. sp.; Erniettiomorpha: Pteridinium sp.; “Nematophyta”: Prototaxites sp.; Viri: Adenovirus sp.