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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/06%3A_The_Evolution_of_Populations_and_Species/6.04%3A_Population_GeneticsIndividuals of a population often display different phenotypes, or express different alleles of a particular gene, referred to as polymorphisms. Populations with two or more variations of particular c...Individuals of a population often display different phenotypes, or express different alleles of a particular gene, referred to as polymorphisms. Populations with two or more variations of particular characteristics are called polymorphic. The distribution of phenotypes among individuals, known as the population variation, is influenced by a number of factors, including the population’s genetic structure and the environment.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/03%3A_Introduction_to_Evolution/3.05%3A_Adaptive_EvolutionFitness is often quantifiable and is measured by scientists in the field. However, it is not the absolute fitness of an individual that counts, but rather how it compares to the other organisms in the...Fitness is often quantifiable and is measured by scientists in the field. However, it is not the absolute fitness of an individual that counts, but rather how it compares to the other organisms in the population. This concept, called relative fitness, allows researchers to determine which individuals are contributing additional offspring to the next generation, and thus, how the population might evolve.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/09%3A_Mutation_and_Variation/9.08%3A_Linkage_and_Mapping/9.8.06%3A__Genetic_MappingThis page explains that genetic maps use recombination frequencies to estimate distances between loci in centimorgans (cM), with 25% recombination reflecting roughly 25 cM apart. These maps help visua...This page explains that genetic maps use recombination frequencies to estimate distances between loci in centimorgans (cM), with 25% recombination reflecting roughly 25 cM apart. These maps help visualize locus arrangements, aiding gene identification through linkage analysis. Accuracy diminishes over longer distances due to multiple crossovers, which can lead to underestimation of distances. Genetic maps are valuable in crop breeding, evolutionary studies, and human disease research.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/09%3A_Mutation_and_Variation/9.S%3A_Mutation_and_Variation_(Summary)This page discusses the differences between mutations and polymorphisms in DNA, noting that mutations are rare and can occur spontaneously or due to mutagens, while polymorphisms coexist within popula...This page discusses the differences between mutations and polymorphisms in DNA, noting that mutations are rare and can occur spontaneously or due to mutagens, while polymorphisms coexist within populations. It highlights the impact of mutations on gene function, the importance of identifying linked genes through phenotype screening, and the role of transposable elements in evolution.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/09%3A_Mutation_and_Variation/9.01%3A_Mutation_and_PolymorphismThis page discusses how DNA transmits genetic information reliably but can undergo mutations, affecting phenotype and leading to classification into mutants. It differentiates between mutations and po...This page discusses how DNA transmits genetic information reliably but can undergo mutations, affecting phenotype and leading to classification into mutants. It differentiates between mutations and polymorphisms, noting that polymorphisms are common variants (over 1%) that do not imply normality. While mutations may cause diseases, polymorphisms can account for traits like hair color. Molecular markers, a specific type of polymorphism, are important for genetic research.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/18%3A_Evolution/18.07%3A_PolymorphismsThis page discusses genetic polymorphisms, which are variants found in at least 1% of a population and include different types of genetic variations. These polymorphisms have applications in disease i...This page discusses genetic polymorphisms, which are variants found in at least 1% of a population and include different types of genetic variations. These polymorphisms have applications in disease identification and genetic studies and can be influenced by factors like genetic drift and natural selection.
