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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/12%3A_Cancer/12.05%3A_BCL-2This page discusses BCL-2, a proto-oncogene on chromosome 18 involved in cancer by inhibiting apoptosis in B-cells. Its translocation with chromosome 14 (t(14;18)) results in Bcl-2 overexpression, aid...This page discusses BCL-2, a proto-oncogene on chromosome 18 involved in cancer by inhibiting apoptosis in B-cells. Its translocation with chromosome 14 (t(14;18)) results in Bcl-2 overexpression, aiding evasion of programmed cell death, thus promoting cancer. However, this translocation alone does not guarantee cancer, as many carriers remain healthy; other mutations, such as c-myc translocation, also play a role in B-cell malignancies.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biochemistry/Fundamentals_of_Biochemistry_(Jakubowski_and_Flatt)/Unit_IV_-_Special_Topics/28%3A_Biosignaling_-_Capstone_Volume_I/28.14%3A_Programmed_Cell_DeathThe page provides an in-depth exploration of programmed cell death, focusing particularly on apoptosis, its mechanisms, and its significance in health and disease. It distinguishes apoptosis from othe...The page provides an in-depth exploration of programmed cell death, focusing particularly on apoptosis, its mechanisms, and its significance in health and disease. It distinguishes apoptosis from other cell death types such as autophagy and necroptosis, outlining apoptosis's intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, including involved proteins like caspases and Bcl-2 family.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Coastline_College/Book-_Cells_-_Molecules_and_Mechanisms_(Wong)/15%3A_Viruses_Cancer_and_the_Immune_System/15.04%3A_OncogenesOncogenes are generally dominant gain-of-function mutations of normal cellular genes called protooncogenes. These protooncogenes are themselves positive regulators of the cell cycle, but they are regu...Oncogenes are generally dominant gain-of-function mutations of normal cellular genes called protooncogenes. These protooncogenes are themselves positive regulators of the cell cycle, but they are regulated by other factors, either extracellular signals or intracellular mechanisms. Mutations that turn them into oncogenes specifically remove all or some of this regulation. They thus become overactive, and try to push the cell cycle forward leading to increased proliferation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/12%3A_Cancer/12.01%3A_Cancer_in_GeneralThis page discusses cancer as a disease of uncontrolled cell proliferation, distinct from benign growths due to its ability to metastasize. Originating from mutated cells, cancers involve genetic dive...This page discusses cancer as a disease of uncontrolled cell proliferation, distinct from benign growths due to its ability to metastasize. Originating from mutated cells, cancers involve genetic diversity and are driven by cancer stem cells. Common causes include DNA-damaging agents and viruses, although cancer itself is not contagious. Notably, certain viral infections can elevate cancer risk.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/12%3A_CancerThis page discusses cancer, defined by uncontrolled cell growth and differentiation from benign tumors. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells can proliferate indefinitely. Key contributors to cancer inclu...This page discusses cancer, defined by uncontrolled cell growth and differentiation from benign tumors. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells can proliferate indefinitely. Key contributors to cancer include oncogenes and mutated tumor suppressor genes. Treatments range from surgery and radiation to chemotherapy and immunotherapies.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Cell_and_Molecular_Biology/Book%3A_Cells_-_Molecules_and_Mechanisms_(Wong)/16%3A_Viruses_Cancer_and_the_Immune_System/16.04%3A_OncogenesOncogenes are generally dominant gain-of-function mutations of normal cellular genes called protooncogenes. These protooncogenes are themselves positive regulators of the cell cycle, but they are regu...Oncogenes are generally dominant gain-of-function mutations of normal cellular genes called protooncogenes. These protooncogenes are themselves positive regulators of the cell cycle, but they are regulated by other factors, either extracellular signals or intracellular mechanisms. Mutations that turn them into oncogenes specifically remove all or some of this regulation. They thus become overactive, and try to push the cell cycle forward leading to increased proliferation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/Modern_Genetics/09%3A_The_Genetics_of_Cancer/9.02%3A_OncogenesOncogenes are generally dominant gain-of-function mutations of normal cellular genes called protooncogenes. These protooncogenes are themselves positive regulators of the cell cycle, but they are regu...Oncogenes are generally dominant gain-of-function mutations of normal cellular genes called protooncogenes. These protooncogenes are themselves positive regulators of the cell cycle, but they are regulated by other factors, either extracellular signals or intracellular mechanisms. Mutations that turn them into oncogenes specifically remove all or some of this regulation. They thus become overactive, and try to push the cell cycle forward leading to increased proliferation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/07%3A_Cell_Division/7.02%3A_The_Cell_CycleThis page discusses eukaryotic cell division, detailing the phases of the cell cycle: G1, S, G2, and M. It explains the process of genome doubling and halving, emphasizing the role of proteins like th...This page discusses eukaryotic cell division, detailing the phases of the cell cycle: G1, S, G2, and M. It explains the process of genome doubling and halving, emphasizing the role of proteins like the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in controlling division. Checkpoints monitor DNA integrity and can pause the cycle if damage is detected, with mutations in these genes associated with cancer.
