Search
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/09%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression/9.10%3A_PalindromesThis page explains palindromes, which read the same forwards and backwards, and highlights their significance in DNA. It discusses how palindromes serve as target sequences for restriction enzymes and...This page explains palindromes, which read the same forwards and backwards, and highlights their significance in DNA. It discusses how palindromes serve as target sequences for restriction enzymes and the role of inverted repeats in transcription factor binding. Additionally, it notes the presence of inverted repeats in transposons, retroviral genes, and the human Y chromosome, where they may improve gene repair through homologous recombination.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/19%3A_The_Diversity_of_Life/19.01%3A_Eukaryotic_Life/19.1.11%3A_Drosophila_MelanogasterThis page outlines the advantages of using Drosophila (fruit flies) in genetic studies, highlighting their small size, rapid life cycle, and high reproduction rates which support statistically signifi...This page outlines the advantages of using Drosophila (fruit flies) in genetic studies, highlighting their small size, rapid life cycle, and high reproduction rates which support statistically significant results. It mentions the presence of giant polytene chromosomes in larvae for structural analysis, the external development of embryos for easy observation, and the small genome that allows for targeted mutations, all contributing to their effectiveness in research.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Minnesota_State_Community_and_Technical_College/Biology_of_Human_Concerns_(Daniels)/10%3A_DNA_and_Protein_Synthesis/10.06%3A_MutationsMutations are random changes in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA. The word mutation may make you think of Ninja Turtles, but that's a misrepresentation of how most mutations work. First of all, eve...Mutations are random changes in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA. The word mutation may make you think of Ninja Turtles, but that's a misrepresentation of how most mutations work. First of all, everyone has mutations. In fact, most people have dozens or even hundreds of mutations in their DNA. Secondly, from an evolutionary perspective, mutations are essential. They are needed for evolution to occur because they are the ultimate source of all new genetic variation in any species.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/05%3A_DNA/5.13%3A_DNA_RepairThis page outlines the importance of DNA repair mechanisms in living cells, detailing 130 genes involved in repair processes that counteract damage from various sources, including radiation and chemic...This page outlines the importance of DNA repair mechanisms in living cells, detailing 130 genes involved in repair processes that counteract damage from various sources, including radiation and chemicals. Key repair pathways include direct reversal, Base Excision Repair (BER), Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER), and Mismatch Repair (MMR), with specific enzymes for each.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/08%3A_The_Genetic_Consequences_of_Meiosis/8.08%3A_rII_Locus_of_T4This page discusses the T2 and T4 bacteriophages' role in genetic research on E. coli, highlighting Benzer's study of the rII gene, where he identified around 2000 point mutations. He determined that ...This page discusses the T2 and T4 bacteriophages' role in genetic research on E. coli, highlighting Benzer's study of the rII gene, where he identified around 2000 point mutations. He determined that the smallest mutation units are single base pairs and used deletion mutants for efficient mapping. Benzer's complementation tests revealed two complementation groups in rII, leading to the concept of cistrons as genetic functional units.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Canada_College/Human_Biology_Biol_011_Textbook/06%3A_DNA_and_Protein_Synthesis/6.06%3A_MutationsMutations are random changes in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA. The word mutation may make you think of Ninja Turtles, but that's a misrepresentation of how most mutations work. First of all, eve...Mutations are random changes in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA. The word mutation may make you think of Ninja Turtles, but that's a misrepresentation of how most mutations work. First of all, everyone has mutations. In fact, most people have dozens or even hundreds of mutations in their DNA. Secondly, from an evolutionary perspective, mutations are essential. They are needed for evolution to occur because they are the ultimate source of all new genetic variation in any species.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Chemeketa_Community_College/Cell_Biology_for_Allied_Health/13%3A_DNA_and_Protein_Synthesis/13.04%3A_MutationsMutations are random changes in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA. The word mutation may make you think of Ninja Turtles, but that's a misrepresentation of how most mutations work. First of all, eve...Mutations are random changes in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA. The word mutation may make you think of Ninja Turtles, but that's a misrepresentation of how most mutations work. First of all, everyone has mutations. In fact, most people have dozens or even hundreds of mutations in their DNA. Secondly, from an evolutionary perspective, mutations are essential. They are needed for evolution to occur because they are the ultimate source of all new genetic variation in any species.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/10%3A_MutationThis page discusses DNA mutations resulting from replication errors and defective repair mechanisms. It highlights the Ames test for detecting mutagenic chemicals in organisms, the impact of ionizing ...This page discusses DNA mutations resulting from replication errors and defective repair mechanisms. It highlights the Ames test for detecting mutagenic chemicals in organisms, the impact of ionizing radiation on DNA, and the role of transposons (or "jumping genes") in generating mutations by relocating within the genome.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/16%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Plants/16.01%3A_Plant_Anatomy/16.1.05%3A_Arabidopsis_ThalianaThis page discusses Arabidopsis, a model organism in plant biology valued for its small genome, rapid development, and genetic manipulability. Though often seen as a weed, it has been crucial for unde...This page discusses Arabidopsis, a model organism in plant biology valued for its small genome, rapid development, and genetic manipulability. Though often seen as a weed, it has been crucial for understanding plant development and genetics through methods like cross-pollination and mutations, leading to significant discoveries in plant functions.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/09%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression/9.03%3A_Regulation_of_Gene_Expression_in_EukaryotesThis page discusses human eukaryotic cells, which have about 21,000 genes. Some genes are constantly active (housekeeping genes), while others are regulated based on conditions. Gene expression regula...This page discusses human eukaryotic cells, which have about 21,000 genes. Some genes are constantly active (housekeeping genes), while others are regulated based on conditions. Gene expression regulation mainly occurs through transcription rate changes, but also involves RNA processing and translation. Eukaryotes use core promoters, enhancers, silencers, and insulators for gene control; insulators prevent errant activation, and enhancers coordinate gene expression.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/El_Camino_College/Fundamentals_of_Biology_Laboratory_Manual_(McEachin_and_Parks)/01%3A_Fundamentals_of_Biology_Laboratory_Manual/1.11%3A_Lab_10__EvolutionThis page details a lab focusing on evolution and its mechanisms, with objectives including the description of evolutionary processes and allele frequency calculations. It features two main experiment...This page details a lab focusing on evolution and its mechanisms, with objectives including the description of evolutionary processes and allele frequency calculations. It features two main experiments: one simulating predator-prey adaptations through beans and another demonstrating genetic drift and mutation via random mating.
