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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Evergreen_Valley_College/BIO_Majors_4A_4B_Lab_Manual_2023/15%3A_Meiosis/15.03%3A_Lab_ReportHow does the structure of chromosomes in anaphase I of meiosis differ from that in anaphase of mitosis? Are the chromosomes in the new daughter cells identical to the chromosomes in the original paren...How does the structure of chromosomes in anaphase I of meiosis differ from that in anaphase of mitosis? Are the chromosomes in the new daughter cells identical to the chromosomes in the original parental cell? Explain why the DNA must be duplicated during the S phase of the cell cycle, prior to mitosis taking place. What specific feature of cytokinesis in animal cells can you use to distinguish this process from cytokinesis in plant cells?
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Coastline_College/Book-_Cells_-_Molecules_and_Mechanisms_(Wong)/14%3A_Cell_Cycle/14.08%3A_MeiosisTo maintain the proper number of chromosomes in each generation, the gametes each contribute one set of chromosomes, so that the fertilized egg and all other cells in the organism have two sets of chr...To maintain the proper number of chromosomes in each generation, the gametes each contribute one set of chromosomes, so that the fertilized egg and all other cells in the organism have two sets of chromosomes — one from each parent. The purpose of meiosis, and its primary difference with mitosis, is not generating daughter cells that are exact replicates, but generating daughter cells that only have half the amount of genetic material as the original cell.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.4%3A_Mating_Systems_in_PlantsSI is one of the most important means of preventing inbreeding and promoting the generation of new genotypes in plants and it is considered one of the causes of the spread and success of angiosperms o...SI is one of the most important means of preventing inbreeding and promoting the generation of new genotypes in plants and it is considered one of the causes of the spread and success of angiosperms on the earth. Plants that use insects or other animals to move pollen from one flower to the next have developed greatly modified flower parts to attract pollinators and to facilitate the movement of pollen from one flower to the insect and from the insect back to the next flower.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/06%3A_The_Evolution_of_Populations_and_Species/6.03%3A_The_Hardy-Weinberg_EquilibriumThe Hardy-Weinberg law argues that the gene frequencies and genotype ratios in a randomly-breeding population remain constant from generation to generation. Evolution involves changes in the gene poo...The Hardy-Weinberg law argues that the gene frequencies and genotype ratios in a randomly-breeding population remain constant from generation to generation. Evolution involves changes in the gene pool, while a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium shows no change. Hence, populations are able to maintain a reservoir of variability so that if future conditions require it, the gene pool can change.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Introduction_to_Plant_Science_(Hochman_Adler)/24%3A_Variation_and_Plant_Breeding/24.01%3A_Sexual_Reproduction/24.1.03%3A_MeiosisThe chromosome number drops from 2n in the original cell to n in each of the four haploid cells because the number of sets of chromosomes is reduced from 2 to 1 (that is, homologs separated to opposit...The chromosome number drops from 2n in the original cell to n in each of the four haploid cells because the number of sets of chromosomes is reduced from 2 to 1 (that is, homologs separated to opposite poles) in the first meiotic division, and then the sister chromatids separated in the mitosis-like second meiotic division.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/07%3A_Cell_Division/7.07%3A_MeiosisThis page covers meiosis, a crucial process in sexual reproduction that produces four haploid cells from one diploid cell, involving two divisions and featuring genetic recombination and chromosome as...This page covers meiosis, a crucial process in sexual reproduction that produces four haploid cells from one diploid cell, involving two divisions and featuring genetic recombination and chromosome assortment for diversity. It highlights the importance of checkpoints to prevent errors, which, if present, can lead to chromosomal abnormalities such as monosomy, often lethal, and trisomy, which can result in conditions like Down syndrome.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/03%3A_Meiosis_-_Sexual_Reproduction/3.05%3A_Comparing_Meiosis_and_MitosisThis page details the differences between mitosis and meiosis, two types of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells. Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells for growth and replacement, w...This page details the differences between mitosis and meiosis, two types of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells. Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells for growth and replacement, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse haploid cells essential for sexual reproduction.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/03%3A_Meiosis_-_Sexual_ReproductionThis page outlines the key principles of biological inheritance, emphasizing the benefits of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction. It highlights how sexual reproduction fosters genetic variat...This page outlines the key principles of biological inheritance, emphasizing the benefits of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction. It highlights how sexual reproduction fosters genetic variation through the fusion of sex cells and meiosis, which reduces chromosome numbers. While asexual reproduction may allow for quicker population growth, sexual reproduction prevails in multicellular organisms due to its evolutionary advantages linked to genetic diversity.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/10%3A__Changes_in_Chromosome_Number_and_Structure/10.02%3A__Changes_in_Chromosome_StructureIf the chromosome is altered, but still retains the three critical features of a chromosome (centromeres, telomeres, and origin of replication), it will continue to be inherited during subsequent cell...If the chromosome is altered, but still retains the three critical features of a chromosome (centromeres, telomeres, and origin of replication), it will continue to be inherited during subsequent cell divisions, however the daughter cell may not retain all the genes. For example, if a segment of the chromosome has been lost, the cell may be missing some genes. The causes of chromosome structural abnormalites, which involves breaks in the DNA that makes up the chromosome.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Genetics/09%3A_Mutation_and_Variation/9.08%3A_Linkage_and_Mapping/9.8.05%3A__Inferring_Recombination_From_Genetic_DataThis page explores the difficulties of inferring allele arrangements in genetic studies without direct chromosome analysis. It highlights the importance of parental genotypes in determining allele con...This page explores the difficulties of inferring allele arrangements in genetic studies without direct chromosome analysis. It highlights the importance of parental genotypes in determining allele configurations (cis or trans) and details an experiment with dihybrid organisms from pure-breeding lines. A testcross with recessive individuals helps identify gamete genotypes, enabling calculation of recombination frequencies from observed phenotypes.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Evergreen_Valley_College/BIO_Majors_4A_4B_Lab_Manual_2023/15%3A_Meiosis/15.02%3A_ExerciseTo make manipulation of the chromosomes easier, place the magnetic centromere in the middle of the X chromosome so that you have 4 red beads on one side of the centromere and 4 red beads on the other ...To make manipulation of the chromosomes easier, place the magnetic centromere in the middle of the X chromosome so that you have 4 red beads on one side of the centromere and 4 red beads on the other side. Exchange segments of the inner non-sister chromatids of the red and yellow beads that contain the two different alleles, “B” and “b”. Remember that the red beads represent DNA from the maternal chromatid and the yellow beads represent DNA from the paternal chromatid.
