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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_2e_(OpenStax)/05%3A_Unit_V-_Biological_Diversity/5.08%3A_Invertebrates/5.8.05%3A_Superphylum_Lophotrochozoa-_Molluscs_and_AnnelidsThe superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the...The superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the arthropods). The most prominant distinguising feature of Ecdysozoans is their tough external covering called the cuticle. The cuticle provides a tough, but flexible exoskeleton tht protects these animals from water loss, predators and other aspects of the external environment.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Biology_I_and_II/05%3A_Unit_V-_Biological_Diversity/5.07%3A_Invertebrates/5.7.05%3A_Superphylum_EcdysozoaThe superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: Phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the...The superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: Phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the arthropods). The most prominant distinguising feature of Ecdysozoans is their tough external covering called the cuticle. The cuticle provides a tough, but flexible exoskeleton tht protects these animals from water loss, predators and other aspects of the external environment.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.02%3A_Sex_determination_and_sex_ratiosIn both XY and ZW sex determination systems, the sex chromosome carrying the critical factors is often significantly smaller, carrying little more than the genes necessary for triggering the developme...In both XY and ZW sex determination systems, the sex chromosome carrying the critical factors is often significantly smaller, carrying little more than the genes necessary for triggering the development of a given sex (Annenberg Media, 2004).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.2%3A_Sex_determination_and_sex_ratiosIn both XY and ZW sex determination systems, the sex chromosome carrying the critical factors is often significantly smaller, carrying little more than the genes necessary for triggering the developme...In both XY and ZW sex determination systems, the sex chromosome carrying the critical factors is often significantly smaller, carrying little more than the genes necessary for triggering the development of a given sex. Other unusual systems include those of the green swordtail (a polyfactorial system with the sex-determining genes on several chromosomes) [13] ; the juvenile hermaphroditism of zebrafish, with an unknown trigger; [13] and the platyfish, which has W, X, and Y chromosomes.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Map%3A_Raven_Biology_12th_Edition/13%3A_Chromosomes_Mapping_and_the_Meiosis-Inheritance_Connection/13.02%3A_Sex_Chromosomes_and_Sex_Determination/13.2.01%3A_Sex_ChromosomesThe nuclei of human cells contain 22 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. In females, the sex chromosomes are the 2 X chromosomes. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. The presence of the Y c...The nuclei of human cells contain 22 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. In females, the sex chromosomes are the 2 X chromosomes. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. The presence of the Y chromosome is decisive for unleashing the developmental program that leads to a baby boy.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Norco_College/OpenStax_Biology_2e_for_Norco_College/28%3A_Invertebrates/28.05%3A_Superphylum_Lophotrochozoa-_Molluscs_and_AnnelidsThe superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the...The superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the arthropods). The most prominant distinguising feature of Ecdysozoans is their tough external covering called the cuticle. The cuticle provides a tough, but flexible exoskeleton tht protects these animals from water loss, predators and other aspects of the external environment.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/General_Biology_1e_(OpenStax)/5%3A_Biological_Diversity/28%3A_Invertebrates/28.4%3A_Superphylum_EcdysozoaThe superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the...The superphylum Ecdysozoa contains an incredibly large number of species. This is because it contains two of the most diverse animal groups: phylum Nematoda (the roundworms) and Phylum Arthropoda (the arthropods). The most prominant distinguising feature of Ecdysozoans is their tough external covering called the cuticle. The cuticle provides a tough, but flexible exoskeleton tht protects these animals from water loss, predators and other aspects of the external environment.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.06%3A_Scientist_Spotlight_-_Ernest_Everett_JustPrior to his time in Chicago, Just conducted research at the Woods Hole Biological Marine Laboratory, where his work with marine invertebrates revealed that the ectoplasm (egg surface) significantly i...Prior to his time in Chicago, Just conducted research at the Woods Hole Biological Marine Laboratory, where his work with marine invertebrates revealed that the ectoplasm (egg surface) significantly influences the fertilization and development of eggs (Just 1919, 1922; Wellner 2010). Despite his major contributions to our understanding of fertilization and evolutionary developmental biology, his work was “...largely forgotten and invisible to the world of biology” (Byrnes and Newman 2014).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_11%3A_Behavioral_Ecology/11.1%3A_Proximate_and_Ultimate_Causes_of_Behavior/11.1.1%3A_Scientist_Spotlight_-_Ernest_Everett_JustPrior to his time in Chicago, Just conducted research at the Woods Hole Biological Marine Laboratory, where his work with marine invertebrates revealed that the ectoplasm (egg surface) significantly i...Prior to his time in Chicago, Just conducted research at the Woods Hole Biological Marine Laboratory, where his work with marine invertebrates revealed that the ectoplasm (egg surface) significantly influences the fertilization and development of eggs (Just 1919, 1922; Wellner 2010). Despite his major contributions to our understanding of fertilization and evolutionary developmental biology, his work was “...largely forgotten and invisible to the world of biology” (Byrnes and Newman 2014).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.01%3A_The_paradox_of_sex-_sexual_versus_asexual_reproductionThis is in accord with Charles Darwin, who concluded that the adaptive advantage of sex is hybrid vigor; or as he put it, "the offspring of two individuals, especially if their progenitors have been s...This is in accord with Charles Darwin, who concluded that the adaptive advantage of sex is hybrid vigor; or as he put it, "the offspring of two individuals, especially if their progenitors have been subjected to very different conditions, have a great advantage in height, weight, constitutional vigor and fertility over the self fertilized offspring from either one of the same parents," (1876).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_12%3A_Sex_Strategies/12.1%3A_The_paradox_of_sex%3A_sexual_versus_asexual_reproductionThis is in accord with Charles Darwin, [35] who concluded that the adaptive advantage of sex is hybrid vigor; or as he put it, "the offspring of two individuals, especially if their progenitors have b...This is in accord with Charles Darwin, [35] who concluded that the adaptive advantage of sex is hybrid vigor; or as he put it, "the offspring of two individuals, especially if their progenitors have been subjected to very different conditions, have a great advantage in height, weight, constitutional vigor and fertility over the self fertilized offspring from either one of the same parents."
