Search
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.01%3A_Nutrition/15.1D%3A_Recommended_Dietary_AllowancesThis page details the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and additional intake categories established by the Food and Nutrition Board, including adequate intake (AI) and tolerable upper intake leve...This page details the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and additional intake categories established by the Food and Nutrition Board, including adequate intake (AI) and tolerable upper intake levels (UL) to prevent excess. It includes specific RDAs and AIs for essential nutrients tailored to young adult males and females, highlighting gender differences in recommendations. Concerns are raised about optimal vitamin intake and the role of beta-carotene in meeting vitamin A needs.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/20%3A_General_Science/20.02%3A_Types_of_Clinical_StudiesThis page discusses the research methods in medicine for developing new drugs and procedures, highlighting the importance of validating improvements through various study types. It contrasts retrospec...This page discusses the research methods in medicine for developing new drugs and procedures, highlighting the importance of validating improvements through various study types. It contrasts retrospective studies—which may introduce bias—with prospective studies that follow healthy populations. Clinical trials are emphasized as the gold standard due to their randomization and blinding, which help alleviate bias.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/24%3A_Human_Impact_on_Global_Climate/24.02%3A_Implications_of_Climate_ChangeA variety of factors affect the volume of water in the ocean, including the temperature of the water (the density of water is related to its temperature) and the amount of water found in rivers, lakes...A variety of factors affect the volume of water in the ocean, including the temperature of the water (the density of water is related to its temperature) and the amount of water found in rivers, lakes, glaciers, polar ice caps, and sea ice. The pH level of the oceans is projected to decrease even more by the end of the century as CO 2 concentrations are expected to increase for the foreseeable future.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/02%3A_The_Molecules_of_Life/2.05%3A_CholesterolThis page discusses the importance of cholesterol as a vital steroid for life, its role in cell membranes and hormone production, and the risks of high LDL levels. Desirable cholesterol levels for adu...This page discusses the importance of cholesterol as a vital steroid for life, its role in cell membranes and hormone production, and the risks of high LDL levels. Desirable cholesterol levels for adults are below 200 mg/dl. Strategies for managing cholesterol include diet, exercise, and medications such as statins, particularly for those at risk of heart disease. It also highlights the complex relationship between dietary fats and cholesterol, noting that unsaturated fats can be beneficial.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.03%3A_Circulatory_Systems/15.3I%3A_Sickle-Cell_DiseaseThis page discusses hemoglobin types, emphasizing Hemoglobin A (HbA) as common in adults and Hemoglobin S (HbS) as the cause of sickle-cell disease, particularly in malaria regions of Africa and Asia....This page discusses hemoglobin types, emphasizing Hemoglobin A (HbA) as common in adults and Hemoglobin S (HbS) as the cause of sickle-cell disease, particularly in malaria regions of Africa and Asia. It explains that sickle-cell anemia arises from inheriting the βS gene from both parents, while individuals with one βS and one βA gene have some malaria resistance.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.06%3A_Hormones/15.6.01%3A_Human_Hormones/15.6.1.01%3A_Thyroid_and_ParathyroidsThis page discusses the thyroid gland's role in hormone production, including T4, T3, and calcitonin, which regulate metabolism and calcium levels. It highlights the effects of hypothyroidism and hype...This page discusses the thyroid gland's role in hormone production, including T4, T3, and calcitonin, which regulate metabolism and calcium levels. It highlights the effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, including associated disorders like cretinism, myxedema, and Graves' disease. Furthermore, it covers the parathyroid glands and their secretion of PTH, which increases blood calcium.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_OER_-_Ying_Liu/20%3A_Microbiomes_and_One_Health/20.03%3A_The_Gut_MicrobiomeThis page discusses the crucial role of the gut microbiome in human health, linking its diversity to diet, ethnicity, and lifestyle factors, which influence diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inf...This page discusses the crucial role of the gut microbiome in human health, linking its diversity to diet, ethnicity, and lifestyle factors, which influence diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory conditions. It highlights potential treatments like fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) for infections like C. difficile.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.06%3A_Hormones/15.6.01%3A_Human_Hormones/15.6.1.09%3A_Melatonin_and_the_Pineal_GlandThis page discusses the pineal gland's role in producing melatonin, a hormone essential for regulating sleep-wake cycles influenced by light and darkness. It notes that blind individuals may face disr...This page discusses the pineal gland's role in producing melatonin, a hormone essential for regulating sleep-wake cycles influenced by light and darkness. It notes that blind individuals may face disruptions in these cycles. Melatonin supplements can enhance sleep quality and help with jet lag, generally without severe side effects.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/13%3A_Aging/13.01%3A_AgingThis page examines aging as a decline in physiological functions, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. It discusses calorie restriction's potential benefits and its limited applicability t...This page examines aging as a decline in physiological functions, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. It discusses calorie restriction's potential benefits and its limited applicability to wild organisms. Key aging theories involve telomere shortening, DNA damage, and cellular senescence, with implications for cancer risk. Various hallmarks of aging, including mitochondrial dysfunction, genomic instability, and altered cell communication, are highlighted.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_OER_-_Ying_Liu/20%3A_Microbiomes_and_One_Health/20.08%3A_Mental_Health_and_Multi-Microbiome_InteractionsThis page examines the complex relationships among human microbiomes, especially the gut, skin, and lung microbiomes, and their significant impact on both physical and mental health. It highlights the...This page examines the complex relationships among human microbiomes, especially the gut, skin, and lung microbiomes, and their significant impact on both physical and mental health. It highlights the gut-brain axis as crucial in mental disorders and the influence of dysbiosis on gastrointestinal and psychological well-being.
