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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_2%3A_The_Physical_Environment/2.5%3A_Earth's_Energy_BalanceEarth’s temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet. When incoming energy from the sun is absorbed, Earth warms. When energy is released from Earth into space, th...Earth’s temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet. When incoming energy from the sun is absorbed, Earth warms. When energy is released from Earth into space, the planet cools. Many factors, both natural and human, can cause changes in Earth’s energy balance, including changes in greenhouse gasses; variations in the sun’s energy reaching Earth; and changes in the reflectivity of Earth’s atmosphere and surface.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/11%3A_Behavioral_Ecology/11.03%3A_Optimal_Foraging_TheoryHandling time (h) is the amount of time it takes the predator to handle the food, beginning from the time the predator finds the prey item to the time the prey item is eaten. Thus, the constraints are...Handling time (h) is the amount of time it takes the predator to handle the food, beginning from the time the predator finds the prey item to the time the prey item is eaten. Thus, the constraints are the shape of the curve of diminishing returns and the travel time (the time it takes to make a round trip from the nest to a patch and back).
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/04%3A_Cell_Metabolism/4.11%3A_MetabolismThis page explains that all living organisms rely on energy and matter, processed through metabolism, which includes catabolism (breaking down molecules) and anabolism (building larger molecules). Aut...This page explains that all living organisms rely on energy and matter, processed through metabolism, which includes catabolism (breaking down molecules) and anabolism (building larger molecules). Autotrophs, like plants, create organic molecules via photosynthesis, whereas heterotrophs, such as humans, obtain energy by consuming organic matter.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Principles_of_Biology/01%3A_Chapter_1/08%3A_Enzyme-catalyzed_reactions/8.01%3A_EnergyFor instance, when heating a pot of water on the stove, the system includes the stove, the pot, and the water. Energy is exchanged between them and their surroundings as they use energy from the sun t...For instance, when heating a pot of water on the stove, the system includes the stove, the pot, and the water. Energy is exchanged between them and their surroundings as they use energy from the sun to perform photosynthesis or consume energy-storing molecules and release energy to the environment by doing work and releasing heat. To appreciate the way energy flows into and out of biological systems, it is important to understand two of the physical laws that govern energy.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Sacramento_City_College/BIOL_342%3A_The_New_Plagues_-_New_and_Ancient_Infectious_Diseases_Threatening_World_Health_(Hughes)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/01%3A_A%3A_Fundamentals_of_Physics_and_Chemistry_Important_to_MicrobiologyLike all other matter, the matter that comprises microorganisms is governed by the laws of chemistry and physics. The chemical and physical properties of microbial pathogens—both cellular and acellula...Like all other matter, the matter that comprises microorganisms is governed by the laws of chemistry and physics. The chemical and physical properties of microbial pathogens—both cellular and acellular—dictate their habitat, control their metabolic processes, and determine how they interact with the human body. This appendix provides a review of some of the fundamental principles of chemistry and physics that are essential to an understanding of microbiology.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Gettysburg_College/01%3A_Ecology_for_All/20%3A_Biogeochemical_Cycles/20.01%3A_Biogeochemical_CyclesSome other examples of reservoirs or pools for water you will encounter in the course include glaciers; the soil layer; the aggregate of bodies of fresh water on the continents (rivers and lakes). If ...Some other examples of reservoirs or pools for water you will encounter in the course include glaciers; the soil layer; the aggregate of bodies of fresh water on the continents (rivers and lakes). If the flux of material into and out of a given reservoir is the same for some period of time, that reservoir is said to be in a steady state.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Workbench/General_Ecology_Ecology/Chapter_11%3A_Behavioral_Ecology/11.2%3A_Foraging_EcologyStudies using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have associated the following loci with the matched functions; Pln-1 and Pln-4 with onset of foraging age, Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen l...Studies using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have associated the following loci with the matched functions; Pln-1 and Pln-4 with onset of foraging age, Pln-1 and 2 with the size of the pollen loads collected by workers, and Pln-2 and pln-3 were shown to influence the sugar concentration of the nectar collected. Handling time (h) is the amount of time it takes the predator to handle the food, beginning from the time the predator finds the prey item to the time the prey item is eaten.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/04%3A_Cell_Metabolism/4.04%3A_GlycolysisThis page describes glycolysis as the anaerobic breakdown of glucose in the cytosol, yielding two pyruvic acid molecules and ATP. Pyruvic acid then undergoes fermentation in yeasts (producing ethanol ...This page describes glycolysis as the anaerobic breakdown of glucose in the cytosol, yielding two pyruvic acid molecules and ATP. Pyruvic acid then undergoes fermentation in yeasts (producing ethanol and CO2) or lactic acid in red blood cells and muscles. Both fermentation routes are energy-inefficient. In contrast, pyruvic acid is fully oxidized in mitochondria during cellular respiration, capturing approximately 40% of glucose's energy as ATP.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/15%3A_The_Anatomy_and_Physiology_of_Animals/15.01%3A_Nutrition/15.1B%3A_MetabolismThis page discusses the essential role of metabolism in living organisms, which involves energy and matter transformation. It outlines two metabolic processes: catabolism (breaking down molecules for ...This page discusses the essential role of metabolism in living organisms, which involves energy and matter transformation. It outlines two metabolic processes: catabolism (breaking down molecules for energy) and anabolism (building larger molecules). Autotrophs, such as plants, synthesize organic molecules through photosynthesis, while heterotrophs, including humans, derive energy from organic matter.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Roosevelt_University/BCHM_355_455_Biochemistry_(Roosevelt_University)/06%3A_Enzyme_Thermodynamics/6.06%3A_Energy_in_MetabolismLiving organisms consist of highly organized cells that maintain order despite the universal tendency toward disorder in nonliving systems. This organization requires a continuous input of energy, pri...Living organisms consist of highly organized cells that maintain order despite the universal tendency toward disorder in nonliving systems. This organization requires a continuous input of energy, primarily managed through cellular metabolism. ATP serves as the key energy currency, facilitating biochemical reactions governed by Gibbs free energy (∆G). Key principles include standard free energy change, Le Chatelier’s principle, and energy storage in triphosphates.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/zz%3A_Back_Matter/21%3A_A%3A_Fundamentals_of_Physics_and_Chemistry_Important_to_MicrobiologyLike all other matter, the matter that comprises microorganisms is governed by the laws of chemistry and physics. The chemical and physical properties of microbial pathogens—both cellular and acellula...Like all other matter, the matter that comprises microorganisms is governed by the laws of chemistry and physics. The chemical and physical properties of microbial pathogens—both cellular and acellular—dictate their habitat, control their metabolic processes, and determine how they interact with the human body. This appendix provides a review of some of the fundamental principles of chemistry and physics that are essential to an understanding of microbiology.
