The genetic material of humans is contained on 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of each somatic cell. Each chromosome pair is assigned a number (from 1 to 22, then X and Y) that is based on stai...The genetic material of humans is contained on 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of each somatic cell. Each chromosome pair is assigned a number (from 1 to 22, then X and Y) that is based on staining pattern and length. First, the total number of chromosomes is given, followed by a comma, and the sex chromosome constitution. Fragile X syndrome, the most common inherited cause of mental retardation, takes its name from the appearance of the X chromosome.
The page provides an overview of gene mapping and karyotyping for biochemistry majors, highlighting the importance of understanding genome organization. It explains genetic linkage, recombination freq...The page provides an overview of gene mapping and karyotyping for biochemistry majors, highlighting the importance of understanding genome organization. It explains genetic linkage, recombination frequency, and the distinction between genetic and physical maps. Techniques like linkage analysis and karyotyping are described, emphasizing their roles in genome visualization and identifying chromosomal abnormalities.