This page explains G proteins, which are heterotrimers made of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, functioning with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Hormone binding activates the Gα subunit by switching GDP ...This page explains G proteins, which are heterotrimers made of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, functioning with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Hormone binding activates the Gα subunit by switching GDP to GTP, influencing effector molecules like adenylyl cyclase to produce cyclic AMP (cAMP). It details different Gα subunits: Gαs (stimulating cAMP), Gαq, Gαi (activating alternative pathways), and Gαt (involved in retinal signal transduction).
