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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/North_Central_State_College/BIOL_1550%3A_Microbiology_(2025)/02%3A_Microscopes/2.04%3A_Staining_Microscopic_SpecimensIn their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular stru...In their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular structures and their distinguishing characteristics without artificially treating specimens. Here, we will focus on the most clinically relevant techniques developed to identify specific microbes, cellular structures, DNA sequences, or indicators of infection in tissue samples, under the microscope.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Microbiology_Lab_Manual_(Miraglia)/01%3A_New_Page/1.06%3A_Gram_StainsHowever, the thinner peptidoglycan layer in a Gram-negative cell is not as effective at trapping the dye, and a “decolorizing” step with ethyl alcohol strips the outer Gram-negative cell wall membrane...However, the thinner peptidoglycan layer in a Gram-negative cell is not as effective at trapping the dye, and a “decolorizing” step with ethyl alcohol strips the outer Gram-negative cell wall membrane, effectively releasing the crystal violet from those cells. At the end of a Gram-stain, all the Gram-positive cells will be deep purple and the Gram-negative cells will be a light red or pink.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/North_Carolina_State_University/MB352_General_Microbiology_Laboratory_2021_(Lee)/04%3A_Staining_Techniques/4.01%3A_Introduction_to_StainingBy dissolving these layers, the crystal violet-iodine complex is also removed, and thus Gram negatives are now able to take up the secondary stain, safranin, which is used in the last step of the Gram...By dissolving these layers, the crystal violet-iodine complex is also removed, and thus Gram negatives are now able to take up the secondary stain, safranin, which is used in the last step of the Gram stain, staining them pinkish-red and differentiating between them and the Gram positives, who with their thick peptidoglycan layer has retained the primary stain, crystal violet, and appears purple/blue.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Portland_Community_College/Cascade_Microbiology/02%3A_How_We_See_the_Invisible_World/2.4%3A_Staining_Microscopic_SpecimensIn their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular stru...In their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular structures and their distinguishing characteristics without artificially treating specimens. Here, we will focus on the most clinically relevant techniques developed to identify specific microbes, cellular structures, DNA sequences, or indicators of infection in tissue samples, under the microscope.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology/02%3A_How_We_See_the_Invisible_World/2.03%3A_Staining_Microscopic_SpecimensIn their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular stru...In their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular structures and their distinguishing characteristics without artificially treating specimens. Here, we will focus on the most clinically relevant techniques developed to identify specific microbes, cellular structures, DNA sequences, or indicators of infection in tissue samples, under the microscope.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Mansfield_University_of_Pennsylvania/BSC_3271%3A_Microbiology_for_Health_Sciences_Sp21_(Kagle)/01%3A_Introduction/1.03%3A_How_We_See_the_Invisible_World/1.3.04%3A_Staining_Microscopic_SpecimensIn their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular stru...In their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular structures and their distinguishing characteristics without artificially treating specimens. Here, we will focus on the most clinically relevant techniques developed to identify specific microbes, cellular structures, DNA sequences, or indicators of infection in tissue samples, under the microscope.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Thompson_Rivers_University/Principles_of_Biology_II_OL_ed/03%3A_Systematics_Phylogeny_and_Biological_Diversity/3.04%3A_Biological_Diversity/3.4.02%3A_Kingdoms_Bacteria_and_ArchaeaProkaryotes were the first inhabitants on Earth, appearing 3.5 to 3.8 billion years ago. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, th...Prokaryotes were the first inhabitants on Earth, appearing 3.5 to 3.8 billion years ago. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus. They generally have a single chromosome—a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid. Most prokaryotes have a cell wall outside the plasma membrane.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Learning_Objects/Laboratory_Experiments/Microbiology_Labs/Laboratory_Exercises_in_Microbiology_(McLaughlin_and_Petersen)/03%3A_Preparation_of_Bacterial_Smears_and_Introduction_to_Staining/3.01%3A_IntroductionMost types of cells do not have much natural pigment and are therefore difficult to see under the light microscope unless stained. Several types of stains are used to make bacterial cells more visible...Most types of cells do not have much natural pigment and are therefore difficult to see under the light microscope unless stained. Several types of stains are used to make bacterial cells more visible. In addition, specific staining techniques can be used to determine the cells’ biochemical or structural properties, such as cell wall type and presence or absence of endospores. This type of information can help scientists identify and classify microorganisms.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/02%3A_How_We_See_the_Invisible_World/2.04%3A_Staining_Microscopic_SpecimensIn their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular stru...In their natural state, most of the cells and microorganisms that we observe under the microscope lack color and contrast. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to detect important cellular structures and their distinguishing characteristics without artificially treating specimens. Here, we will focus on the most clinically relevant techniques developed to identify specific microbes, cellular structures, DNA sequences, or indicators of infection in tissue samples, under the microscope.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_Laboratory_Manual_(Miller)/01%3A_Labs/1.13%3A_Gram_StainA mordant is a substance used to set or stabilize stains or dyes; in this case, Gram’s iodine acts like a trapping agent that complexes with the crystal violet, making the crystal violet–iodine comple...A mordant is a substance used to set or stabilize stains or dyes; in this case, Gram’s iodine acts like a trapping agent that complexes with the crystal violet, making the crystal violet–iodine complex clump and stay contained in thick layers of peptidoglycan in the cell walls.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Evergreen_Valley_College/EVC_C2_-_Bio_4A_4B_Lab_Instructor_Resources_Manual/08%3A_Bacteriology_(Prokaryotic_Cells)/8.02%3A_Formative_Summative_QuestionsFormative/Summative Questions for Ch 8- Prokaryotic cells, Bio 4A + 4B Instructor Resources.
