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- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Clinton_College/BIO_403%3A_Microbiology_(Neely)/06%3A_The_Immune_System_Nonspecific_and_Specific_Defenses/6.03%3A_Specific_Adaptive_Host_Defenses/6.3.04%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesHumoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their produc...Humoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their production and maturation, receptors, and mechanisms of activation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Sacramento_City_College/BIOL_440%3A_General_Microbiology_(Hughes)/15%3A_Week_15/25%3A_Specific_Adaptive_Host_Defenses_(Part_B)/25.01%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesHumoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their produc...Humoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their production and maturation, receptors, and mechanisms of activation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_(Liu_et_al.)/23%3A_Adaptive_Immunity_II/23.05%3A_B_Cell_ActivationThis page explains two types of B cell activation: T cell-independent and T cell-dependent. T cell-independent activation, triggered by repetitive antigens, produces a brief IgM response without memor...This page explains two types of B cell activation: T cell-independent and T cell-dependent. T cell-independent activation, triggered by repetitive antigens, produces a brief IgM response without memory B cells. Conversely, T cell-dependent activation, involving helper T cells, elicits a stronger response with class switching and memory B cell formation, leading to a more potent secondary response with increased antibody levels and affinity upon re-exposure.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(OpenStax)/18%3A_Specific_Adaptive_Host_Defenses/18.04%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesHumoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their produc...Humoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their production and maturation, receptors, and mechanisms of activation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Cosumnes_River_College/Introductory_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Aptekar)/09%3A_Cardiovascular_System_-_Blood/9.05%3A_Leukocytes_and_PlateletsThe leukocyte, commonly known as a white blood cell (or WBC), is a major component of the body’s defenses against disease. Leukocytes protect the body against invading microorganisms and body cells wi...The leukocyte, commonly known as a white blood cell (or WBC), is a major component of the body’s defenses against disease. Leukocytes protect the body against invading microorganisms and body cells with mutated DNA, and they clean up debris. Platelets are essential for the repair of blood vessels when damage to them has occurred; they also provide growth factors for healing and repair.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/12%3A_Cancer/12.06%3A_Burkitt's_LymphomaThis page discusses Burkitt's lymphoma, a B lymphocyte tumor caused by genetic alterations, mainly involving the c-myc proto-oncogene. In about 90% of cases, c-myc is translocated from chromosome 8 to...This page discusses Burkitt's lymphoma, a B lymphocyte tumor caused by genetic alterations, mainly involving the c-myc proto-oncogene. In about 90% of cases, c-myc is translocated from chromosome 8 to chromosome 14, resulting in excessive transcription factor production that drives uncontrolled cell division.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/PGCC_Microbiology/06%3A_Immunology/6.03%3A_Adaptive_Immunity/6.3.02%3A_Humoral_Immune_Response/6.3.2.01%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesHumoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their produc...Humoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their production and maturation, receptors, and mechanisms of activation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_(Liu_et_al.)/23%3A_Adaptive_Immunity_IICompared to the primary response, the secondary antibody response occurs more quickly and produces antibody levels that are higher and more sustained. The secondary response mostly involves IgG.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Introduction_to_Microbiology_(Liu_et_al.)/23%3A_Adaptive_Immunity_II/23.04%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesHumoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their produc...Humoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their production and maturation, receptors, and mechanisms of activation.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Mansfield_University_of_Pennsylvania/BSC_3271%3A_Microbiology_for_Health_Sciences_Sp21_(Kagle)/14%3A_Immunology/14.02%3A_Specific_Adaptive_Host_Defenses/14.2.04%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesT cell-dependent activation of B cells involves processing and presentation of protein antigens to helper T cells, activation of the B cells by cytokines secreted from activated T H 2 cells, and plasm...T cell-dependent activation of B cells involves processing and presentation of protein antigens to helper T cells, activation of the B cells by cytokines secreted from activated T H 2 cells, and plasma cells that produce different classes of antibodies as a result of class switching.
- https://bio.libretexts.org/Courses/Folsom_Lake_College/BIOL_440%3A_General_Microbiology_(Panoutsopoulos)/06%3A_The_Immune_System_Nonspecific_and_Specific_Defenses/6.03%3A_Specific_Adaptive_Host_Defenses/6.3.04%3A_B_Lymphocytes_and_AntibodiesHumoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their produc...Humoral immunity refers to mechanisms of the adaptive immune defenses that are mediated by antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes, or B cells. This section will focus on B cells and discuss their production and maturation, receptors, and mechanisms of activation.
