8: Oxidation & Phosphorylation
- Page ID
- 4536
- 8A: The Chemistry of Dioxygen
- A1. The History of Oxygen
- A2. The Properties of Dioxygen
- A3. The Reactions of Dioxygen and its Reduction Products
- A4. Oxidative Modification of Proteins
- A5. Oxidative Modification of Lipids
- A6. Oxidative Modification of DNA
- A7. Biological Uses for Reactive Oxygen Species - ROS
- A8. Just Say NO - The Chemistry of Nitric Oxide
- A9. Antioxidants and Disease
- A11. Links and References
- 8B: Oxidative Enzymes
- An oxidative enzyme is an enzyme that catalyses an oxidation reaction. Two most common types of oxidative enzymes are peroxidases, which use hydrogen peroxide, and oxidases, which use molecular oxygen. They increase the rate at which ATP is produced aerobically.
- 8C: ATP and Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Biological oxidation reactions serve two functions: Oxidation of organic molecules can produce new molecules with different properties (e.g., an increase in solubility is observed on hydroxylation of aromatic substrates by cytochrome P450) and Likewise, amino acids can be oxidized to produce neurotransmitters. Most biological oxidation reactions occur, however, to produce energy to drive thermodynamically unfavored biological processes such as protein and nucleic acid synthesis, or motility.
- C1. ATP
- C2. Anerobic Coupling of Oxidation and ATP Synthesis
- C3. Aerobic Coupling of Oxidation and ATP Synthesis
- C4. An Overview of Mitochondrial Electron Transport
- C5. Complex I - NADH-quinone oxidoreductase
- C6. Complex III
- C7. Complex IV - Cytochrome C oxidase (CCOx)
- C8. Overall Coupling Oxidation and ATP Synthesis
- C9. ATP synthase
- C10. Proton Gradient Collapse and ATP synthesis - Structure
- C11. Proton Gradient Collapse and ATP synthesis - Thermodynamics
- C12. Metabolic Needs in Nonproliferating and Proliferating Cells
- C13. PPARs and the Regulation of Metabolism
- C14. Links and References
- 8D: Photosynthesis - The Light Reaction
- D1. Introduction
- D2. Photoexcitation and Electron Transfer
- D3. The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
- D4. Photosystem II
- D5. The Oxygen Evolving Complex (OEC)
- D6. Water Oxidation - The Kok Cycle
- D7. Chlorophylls and the Reaction Center
- D8. Plant Protection
- D9. Production of Hydrogen: Hydrogenases
- D10. Links and References
Thumbnail: The electron transport chain in the cell is the site of oxidative phosphorylation in prokaryotes. The NADH and succinate generated in the citric acid cycle are oxidized, releasing energy to power the ATP synthase. (Public Domain; Fvasconcellos).