3A: Monosaccharaides and Disaccharides
- Page ID
- 4582
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Learning Objectives
- define a sugar
- apply knowledge about reactions at carbonyl carbons of aldehyde and ketones in the formation of hemiacetals/hemiketals and acetals/ketals from organic chemistry to draw mechanics showing cyclization of aldoses and ketoses and (hemiacetal/hemiketal formation) and of polymerization of aldoses and ketones to form dissacharide and polysaccharide (acetal/ketals).
- draw open chain, Haworth (planar), and puckered (nonplanar) representations of 6 member cyclic sugars
- know the names of common trioses, ribose (5C) and hexoses and draw open chain, Haworth, and puckered representations of each
- differentiate between enantiomers, diastereomers and anomers of the hexoses
- explain the difference between reducing and nonreducing dissacharides
- draw the structure and name common sugar derivatives of the hexoses
The link below is an extraordinary and free resource on glycobiology. It defines the word "glycan" as a "generic term for any sugar or assembly of sugars, in free form or attached to another molecule" and "is used interchangeably ... with saccharide or carbohydrate."
Essentials of Glycobiology, 2nd edition, is available online.