10.3: Understanding phylogenetic trees
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Phylogenetic tree is a dichotomously branching diagram where all terminals (tips representing objects) are connected. Phylogenetic tree is related with time; start of the diagram is always older then end. All terminals must be labeled. Nodes which have more than two branches are typically not allowed.
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Tree edges may be freely rotated in any direction. For example, these trees are same:
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Direction of branches also does not matter. These trees are same:
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Apomorphies (and reversals) could be shown as edge labels:
Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\) -
Phylogenetic tree is directly related with taxonomy (classification):
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Suborder Strepsirrhini: lemur
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Suborder Haplorrhini:
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Superfamily Cercopithecoidea: baboon
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Superfamily Hominoidea:
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Genus Pan: chimpanzee
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Genus Homo: human
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