10.4: Laboratory Activities and Assignment

Laboratory Activities and Assignment

Part 1: Review of Articulations & Movements

Articulations

1. On the diagram below of a synovial joint, label the figure with the terms listed below:

joint cavity articular cartilages

fibrous capsule synovial membrane

2. Create a diagram showing the relationships (i.e. show in diagram form which types of joints belong to the same categories and which ones do not) between the following types of joints:

ball and socket cartilaginous condylar fibrous gomphosis

hinge pivot plane syndesmosis saddle

suture synovial synchondrosis symphysis

3. On the diagram below of the glenohumeral joint (shoulder), label the figure with the terms listed below:

articular cartilage clavicle bursa

glenoid labrum synovial membrane head of humerus

glenoid cavity of scapula acromion of scapula

4. On the diagram below of the knee joint (anterior view), label the figure with the terms listed below:

medial condyle lateral condyle medial collateral ligament

lateral collateral ligament medial meniscus lateral meniscus

anterior cruciate ligament posterior cruciate ligament

5. On the diagram below of the knee joint (anterior view), label the figure with the terms listed below:

anterior cruciate ligament posterior cruciate ligament medial collateral ligament

lateral collateral ligament medial meniscus lateral meniscus

medial condyle lateral condyle

Movements

1. For each letter on the figure below, indicate the type of motion shown from the choices below. Some choices are used multiple times.

abduction adduction circumduction depression dorsiflexion elevation

eversion extension flexion inversion lateral rotation medial rotation

plantar flexion pronation protrusion retrusion supination

A: _________________ B: _________________ C: _________________ D: _________________ E: _________________ F: _________________ G: _________________ H: _________________ I: _________________

J: __________________ K: __________________ L: __________________ M: __________________ N: __________________ O: __________________ P: __________________ Q: __________________

R: ________________ S: ________________ T: ________________ U: ________________ V: ________________ W: _______________ X: ________________ Y: ________________

Part 2: Articulation Laboratory Activities

1. Classify joints by structure and function. Inspect the anatomical models available to you. Classify the joints by structure and function. Also add the structural subcategory to your answers. Write your answers in the table provided below.

Structural Classifications & Subcategories:	Functional Classifications:
1. fibrous suture gomphosis syndesmosis 2. cartilaginous symphysis synchondrosis 3. synovial plane ball and socket hinge pivot condyloid saddle	synarthrosis amphiarthrosis diarthrosis

Joint	Structural classification & Subcategories	Functional classification
atlantoaxial joint (C1 and C2)
atlantooccipital joint (C1 and occipital bone)
coronal suture
costochondral joint
glenohumeral joint (shoulder)
intervertebral joint
knee joint
radioulnar joint
sagittal suture
tibiofibular joint
tooth joint

2. Examine an anatomical model of a knee joint. Identify the following structures on the model.

Structure	Identified (✓/X)
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
articular surface of the femur
bursae
femur
joint capsule
lateral collateral ligament
lateral condyle of femur
lateral meniscus
medial collateral ligament
medial condyle of femur
medial meniscus
patella
patellar ligament
posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
quadriceps muscle
synovial cavity (with synovial fluid)
synovial membrane
tendon of rectus femoris
tibia

3. Use the anatomical model of a knee joint to label the images below with the structures listed:

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) bursae femur lateral collateral ligament lateral condyle of femur

lateral meniscus medial collateral ligament medial condyle of femur medial meniscus patella

patellar ligament posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) quadriceps muscle tendon of rectus femoris tibia

Part 3: Movement Laboratory Activities

1. Collaborating with your lab group, choose a body part for each of the movement terminologies below and physically move your body in this way. Describe how you moved for each below:

a. flexion:

b. extension:

c. circumduction:

d. elevation:

e. depression:

f. medial rotation:

g. lateral rotation:

h. dorsiflexion:

i. plantar flexion:

j. pronation:

k. supination:

l. inversion:

m. eversion:

n. protrusion:

o. retrusion:

p. opposition:

q. reposition:

2. With your lab group, move your body in each of the ways described below. Discuss these movements with your lab group and describe these movements using anatomical movement terminologies. You will need to use multiple movement terms for each:

a. Walking:

b. Stand and pivot your entire body to stand facing the direction to your right:

c. Beginning in a normal standing position, move your arms as if you were doing a jumping jack:

d. Simulate the movements you would do to grab a frying pan from a counter and move it to the stove:

Attributions

Part 1: Review of Articulations & Movements

• "Anatomy and Physiology Lab Homework" by Laird C Sheldahl is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
• "Anatomy and Physiology Lab Reference" by Laird C Sheldahl, OpenOregonEducational Resources, Mt. Hood Community College is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
• "Introduction to Anatomy" by Paul Hudson is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Part 2: Articulation Laboratory Activities

• "Anatomy and Physiology I Lab" by Victoria Vidal is licensed under CC BY 4.0