14.E: Body Systems- Intro and Digestive System (Exercises)
- Page ID
- 117886
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Review Questions
When faced with a sudden drop in environmental temperature, an endothermic animal will ________.
A. experience a drop in its body temperature
B. wait to see if it goes lower
C. increase muscle activity to generate heat
D. add fur or fat to increase insulation
- Answer
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C
How are wastes carried to the kidney for removal?
A. in cells
B. in the urine
C. in blood
D. in interstitial fluid
- Answer
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C
What is the cause of a fever of 38.3 °C (101 °F)?
A. too much heat produced by the body
B. upward adjustment of the body temperature set point
C. inadequate cooling mechanisms in the body
D. the heat caused by a viral or bacterial infection
- Answer
-
B
Free Response
Describe how the body’s mechanisms maintain homeostasis?
- Answer
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The body has a sensor that detects a deviation of the state of the cells or the body from the set point. The information is relayed to a control center, usually the brain, where signals go to effectors. Those effectors cause a negative feedback response that moves the state of the body in a direction back toward the set point.
Why is excretion important in order to achieve osmotic balance?
- Answer
-
Excretion allows an organism to rid itself of waste molecules that could be toxic if allowed to accumulate. It also allows the organism to keep the amount of water and dissolved solutes in balance.
14.2: Digestive System
Review Questions
Where does the majority of fat digestion take place?
A. mouth
B. stomach
C. small intestine
D. large intestine
- Answer
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C
The bile from the liver is delivered to the ________.
A. stomach
B. liver
C. small intestine
D. colon
- Answer
-
C
Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Essential nutrients can be synthesized by the body.
B. Vitamins are required in small quantities for bodily function.
C. Some amino acids can be synthesized by the body, while others need to be obtained from diet.
D. Vitamins come in two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.
- Answer
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A
Free Response
What is the role of the accessory organs in digestion?
- Answer
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Accessory organs play an important role in producing and delivering digestive juices to the intestine during digestion and absorption. Specifically, the salivary glands, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder play important roles. Malfunction of any of these organs can lead to disease states.
What is the role of minerals in maintaining good health?
- Answer
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Minerals—such as potassium, sodium, and calcium—are required for the functioning of many cellular processes. While minerals are required in trace amounts, not having minerals in the diet can be potentially harmful.
Discuss why obesity is a growing epidemic.
- Answer
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In the United States, obesity, particularly childhood obesity, is a growing concern. Some of the contributors to this situation include sedentary lifestyles and consuming more processed foods and less fruits and vegetables. As a result, even young children who are obese can face health concerns.